NSE8_812 Network Security Expert 8 Written Exam Questions and Answers

https://community.fortinet.com/t5/FortiAnalyzer/Technical-Note-Understanding-FortiAnalyzer-time-related-fields/ta-p/197569

According to the exhibit, the SD-WAN configuration has two rules: one for traffic to 10.1.100.0/24 subnet, and one for traffic to 10.1.100.16/28 subnet. The first rule uses the best quality strategy, which selects the SD-WAN member with the best measured quality based on performance SLA metrics. The second rule uses the manual strategy, which specifies port1 as the SD-WAN member to select. Therefore, if an internal user pings 10.1.100.2 and 10.1.100.22 from subnet 172.16.205.0/24, the outgoing interfaces will be port16 and port1 respectively, assuming that port16 has the best quality among the SD-WAN members. References:https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/6.2.14/cookbook/218559/configuring-the-sd-wan-interface

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.2.8/administration-guide/686587/ecmp-support-for-the-longest-match-in-sd-wan-rule-matching

The customer wants to deploy a solution to authenticate the clients connected to a hardware switch interface of a FortiGate 400E device. A hardware switch interface is an interface that combines multiple physical interfaces into one logical interface, allowing them to act as a singleswitch with one IP address and one set of security policies. The customer wants to use 802.1X authentication for this solution, which is a standard protocol for port-based network access control (PNAC) that authenticates clients based on their credentials before granting them access to network resources. One condition that allows authentication to the client devices before assigning an IP address is that devices connected directly to ports 3 and 4 can perform 802.1X authentication. This is because ports 3 and 4 are part of the hardware switch interface named “lan”, which has an IP address of 10.10.10.254/24 and an inbound SSL inspection profile named “ssl-inspection”. The inbound SSL inspection profile enables the FortiGate device to intercept and inspect SSL/TLS traffic from clients before forwarding it to servers, which allows it to apply security policies and features such as antivirus, web filtering, application control, etc. However, before performing SSL inspection, the FortiGate device needs to authenticate the clients using 802.1X authentication, which requires the clients to send their credentials (such as username and password) to the FortiGate device over a secure EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) channel. The FortiGate device then verifies the credentials with an authentication server (such as RADIUS or LDAP) and grants or denies access to the clients based on the authentication result. Therefore, devices connected directly to ports 3 and 4 can perform 802.1X authentication before assigning an IP address. Another condition that allows authentication to the client devices before assigning an IP address is that client devices must have 802.1X authentication enabled. This is because 802.1X authentication is a mutual process that requires both the client devices and the FortiGate device to support and enable it. The client devices must have 802.1X authentication enabled in their network settings, which allows them to initiate the authentication process when they connect to the hardware switch interface of the FortiGate device. The client devices must also have an 802.1X supplicant software installed, which is a program that runs on the client devices and handles the communication with the FortiGate device using EAP messages. The client devices must also have a trusted certificate installed, which is used to verify the identity of the FortiGate device and establish a secure EAP channel. Therefore, client devices must have 802.1X authentication enabled before assigning an IP address. References: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.0.0/administration-guide/19662/hardware-switch-interfaces https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.0.0/administration-guide/19662/802-1x-authentication

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.2.0/new-features/959502/support-802-1x-on-virtual-switch-for-certain-np6-platforms

A. Systems running on Azure will need to go through the main data center to access the services on Oracle Cloud. This is because the Oracle Cloud is not directly connected to the Azure Cloud. The traffic will need to go through the main data center in order to reach the Oracle Cloud.

C. Branch FortiGate devices must be configured as VPN clients for the branches' internal network to be able to access Oracle services without using public IPs. This is because the Oracle Cloud does not allow direct connections from the internet. The traffic will need to go through the FortiGate devices in order to reach the Oracle Cloud.

The other options are not correct.

B. Use FortiGate VM for IPSEC over ExpressRoute, as traffic is not encrypted by Azure. This is not necessary. Azure does encrypt traffic over ExpressRoute.

D. Two ExpressRoute services to the main data center are required to implement SD-WAN between a FortiGate VM in Azure and a FortiGate device at the data center edge. This is not necessary. A single ExpressRoute service can be used to implement SD-WAN between a FortiGate VM in Azure and a FortiGate device at the data center edge.

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/expressroute/expressroute-about-encryption

A is correct because if no client update time is specified on EMS, the user will be able to choose the time of installation if they wish to delay. This is because the FortiClient EMS server will not force the installation on the client.

E is correct because the Windows clients only require "File and Printer Sharing" allowed and the rest is handled by Active Directory group policy. This is becausethe Active Directory group policy will configure the Windows clients to automatically install FortiClient and the FortiClient EMS server will only need to push the initial configuration to the clients.

The other options are incorrect. Option B is incorrect because a client can only be eligible for one enabled configuration on the EMS server. Option C is incorrect because you can deploy initial installations to both Windows and macOS clients. Option D is incorrect because you can use the included SQL Server Express to deploy FortiClient EMS.

References:

Deploying FortiClient EMS | FortiClient / FortiOS 7.4.0 - Fortinet Document Library

Configuring FortiClient EMS | FortiClient / FortiOS 7.4.0 - Fortinet Document Library

FortiClient EMS installation requirements | FortiClient / FortiOS 7.4.0 - Fortinet Document Library

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/forticlient/7.0.7/ems-administration-guide/278884/deployment-installers https://docs.fortinet.com/document/forticlient/7.0.7/ems-administration-guide/374506/deploying-forticlient-software-to-endpoints

SD-WAN is a feature that allows users to optimize network performance and reliability by using multiple WAN links and applying rules based on various criteria, such as latency, jitter, packet loss, etc. One way to ensure that the FortiGate DNS resolution times are as low as possible with the least amount of work is to configure local out traffic to use the outgoing interface based on SD-WAN rules with the interface IP and configure an SD-WAN rule to the DNS server. This means that the FortiGate will use the best WAN link available to send DNS queries to the DNS server according to the SD-WAN rule, and use its own interface IP as the source address. This avoids NAT issues and ensures optimal DNS performance. References: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.0.0/sd-wan/19662/sd-wan

References:

Configuring SSL VPN authentication using digital certificates | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.0 - Fortinet Document Library

Online Certificate Status Protocol (OCSP) | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.0 - Fortinet Document Library

Certificate Revocation Lists (CRLs) | FortiGate / FortiOS 7.2.0 - Fortinet Document Library

To implement security for the traffic between two VPCs in AWS, while keeping separate management of each department’s VPC, two possible actions are:

Create a transit VPC with a FortiGate HA cluster, connect to the other two using VPC peering, and use routing tables to force traffic through the FortiGate cluster. This option allows the cybersecurity department to manage the transit VPC and apply security policies on the FortiGate cluster, while the other departments can manage their own VPCs and instances. The VPC peering connections enable direct communication between the VPCs without using public IPs or gateways. The routing tables can be configured to direct all inter-VPC traffic to the transit VPC.

Create a VPC with a FortiGate auto-scaling group with a Transit Gateway attached to the three VPCs to force routing through the FortiGate cluster. This option also allows the cybersecurity department to manage the security VPC and apply security policies on the FortiGate cluster, while the other departments can manage their own VPCs and instances. The Transit Gateway acts as a network hub that connects multiple VPCs and on-premises networks. The routing tables can be configured to direct all inter-VPC traffic to the security VPC. References: https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate-public-cloud/7.2.0/aws-administration-guide/506140/connecting-a-local-fortigate-to-an-aws-vpc-vpn https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate-public-cloud/7.0.0/sd-wan-architecture-for-enterprise/166334/sd-wan-configuration

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.4.0/administration-guide/489324/failover-protection

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortimanager/7.4.2/administration-guide/30332/verifying-devices-with-private-data-encryption-enabled

FortiSIEM supports two methods for importing user defined Lookup Table Data:

Report: You can import lookup table data from a report. This is the most common method for importing lookup table data.

API: You can also import lookup table data using the FortiSIEM API. This is a more advanced method that allows you to import lookup table data programmatically.

FTP, SCP, and other file transfer protocols are not supported for importing lookup table data into FortiSIEM.

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortigate/7.4.1/administration-guide/822087/automatically-provision-a-certificate

D is correct because Spoke1 will establish an ADVPN shortcut to Spoke2 when it detects that there is a demand for traffic between them. This is explained in the Fortinet Community article on Technical Tip: Fortinet Auto Discovery VPN (ADVPN) under Summary - ADVPN sequence of events. References:https://community.fortinet.com/t5/FortiGate/Technical-Tip-Fortinet-Auto-Discovery-VPN-ADVPN/ta-p/195698

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortiauthenticator/6.5.3/administration-guide/122076/high-availability

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortiauthenticator/6.5.3/administration-guide/122076/high-availability#Standalo

A is correct because the scan order must be changed to antispam-sandbox-content in order for FortiMail to scan the email for spam and viruses before forwarding it to the third-party service.

B is correct because the Catch-All profile must be applied to the CFInbound profile in order for FortiMail to forward clean emails to the third-party service.

E is correct because an IP policy must be created with a Source value of 100.64.0.72/32 in order to allow emails from the third-party service to be delivered to FortiMail.

The other options are not necessary to meet the requirements. Option C is not necessary because the access receive rule will already allow emails from the third-party service to be received by FortiMail. Option D is not necessary because the Catch-All profile already allows emails to be delivered to any destination.

Here are some additional details about integrating a third-party service into the FortiMail email processing path:

The third-party service must be able to receive emails from FortiMail and send them back to FortiMail.

The third-party service must be able to communicate with FortiMail using the SMTP protocol.

The third-party service must be able to authenticate with FortiMail using the SMTP AUTH protocol.

Once the third-party service is integrated into the FortiMail email processing path, all inbound emails will be processed by FortiMail as usual. If the email is clean, FortiMail will forward it to the third-party service. The third-party service will then send the email back to FortiMail for final delivery. FortiMail will not scan the email again.

C. The IP address of the FortiSwitch is 10.12.240.2:This statement is correct based on the exhibit and your clarification. The exhibit lists the "IP Address" as 10.12.240.2 across multiple entries, including ports and VLANs associated with the device "sup-fgt-hw" (FortiSwitch). Your reasoning indicates that this IP is the management address of the FortiSwitch, as it is consistently shown as the IP for the device containing the ports. In Fortinet’s architecture, as described in the NSE 8 study guide, the management IP of a FortiSwitch is typically configured and visible in such configurations, especially when integrated with FortiGate and FortiNAC. The "Device" column labeling "sup-fgt-hw" further supports that this is the FortiSwitch, and the IP 10.12.240.2 is its management address. This aligns with FortiSwitch management and integration details in the NSE 8 study guide.

D. An unknown host is connected to port3:This statement is correct as the exhibit highlights port3 under the "Name" column for the device "sup-fgt-hw" with a "Rogue Host" status in the "Connection" column, an IP address of 10.12.240.2, a Default VLAN of 100, and an Operational Status of "Link Up." In FortiNAC, a "Rogue Host" indicates an unknown or unauthorized device connected to the network, which FortiNAC identifies for further action or isolation. This is consistent with FortiNAC’s capabilities for detecting and classifying unknown devices, as detailed in the NSE 8 study guide under network access control and rogue device detection.

Why A and B are incorrect:

A. A device that is modeled in FortiNAC is connected on VLAN_4093: This is incorrect based on your clarification that there is no device connected on that port—it is simply the default VLAN (4093) for that entry. The exhibit shows VLAN_4093 with a "Not Connected" status and "Link Up" operational status, but no active device connection is indicated. The NSE 8 study guide emphasizes that FortiNAC requires an active connection and device profiling for a device to be considered "connected," which is not evident here for VLAN_4093.

B. Port8 is connected to a FortiGate in FortiLink mode: This is incorrect because the exhibit shows port8 with a "Learned Uplink" status, which, as you noted, refers to any kind of uplink and does not specifically indicate FortiLink mode. FortiLink mode is a specific configuration between FortiGate and FortiSwitch requiring explicit settings, which are not mentioned or implied in the exhibit. The NSE 8 study guide clarifies that FortiLink mode involves distinct configuration details (e.g., FortiLink interfaces), which are absent here.

Fortinet Network Security Expert 8 Study Guide References:

FortiNAC 7.2 Admin Guide (NSE 8): Sections on Device Visibility, VLAN Management, and Rogue Device Detection.

FortiSwitch 7.2 Admin Guide (NSE 8): Sections on FortiLink Configuration, Network Segmentation, and Management IP Configuration.

FortiGate 7.2 Admin Guide (NSE 8): Sections on Integration with FortiNAC and FortiSwitch for Network Security.