PCCSE Prisma Certified Cloud Security Engineer Questions and Answers

To ingest host findings and generate alerts in Prisma Cloud, integrations with Tenable (B) and Qualys (D) are supported. These integrations allow Prisma Cloud to ingest vulnerability and compliance data from Tenable and Qualys, which are renowned vulnerability management solutions. By integrating these tools, Prisma Cloud can enhance its visibility into the security posture of hosts within the cloud environment, enabling more comprehensive threat detection and response capabilities. The integration facilitates the aggregation and correlation of findings from these external sources, enriching the overall security intelligence and enabling more informed and timely decision-making regarding threat mitigation and compliance management.

Web-Application and API Security (WAAS) is a feature within Prisma Cloud that focuses on protecting web applications and APIs from various threats and vulnerabilities. The primary protocols it provides protection for are HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and TLS (Transport Layer Security). HTTP is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web, and TLS is a cryptographic protocol designed to provide communications security over a computer network. While SSH (Secure Shell) is a protocol for secure remote login and other secure network services, and Tomcat Web Connector via AJP (Apache JServ Protocol) is used for Tomcat server communication, they are not the primary focus of WAAS protection.

In Prisma Cloud, compliance reports can be generated on a one-time basis or on a recurring schedule. The option for a one-time report allows users to generate a specific report instantly based on the current state of the environment. The recurring option enables users to set up automatic generation of reports at regular intervals, such as weekly or monthly, to track compliance over time. This functionality ensures continuous compliance monitoring and helps in maintaining security standards across cloud resources.

To upgrade Defenders in a Kubernetes deployment with Console v20.04, the recommended options are to remove the Defenders DaemonSet (Option B) and then redeploy, or let Defenders automatically upgrade (Option D). By removing the Defenders DaemonSet, you can manually control the upgrade process, ensuring that new Defenders are deployed with the latest version. Allowing Defenders to automatically upgrade is a convenient option that minimizes manual intervention, as Defenders are designed to self-update to the latest version when available. The option to run a provided curl | bash script from the Console (Option A) is not a standard practice for upgrading Defenders in Kubernetes environments. Using Cloud Discovery to automatically redeploy Defenders (Option C) is not applicable in this context, as Cloud Discovery is more relevant to discovering cloud resources rather than managing Defender deployments.

In AWS, the net effective permissions are calculated based on various policy types and identities. The correct choices are:

• A. AWS service control policies (SCPs): SCPs are used in AWS Organizations to manage permissions for all accounts within the organization, affecting the net effective permissions.
• B. AWS IAM group: IAM groups define a set of permissions for a collection of users, influencing their effective permissions.
• C. AWS IAM role: IAM roles provide temporary security credentials to assume a set of permissions, impacting the net effective permissions. Option D (AWS IAM User) and E (AWS IAM tag policy) also play roles in defining permissions, but A, B, and C are the primary types used in calculating net effective permissions, making them the correct choices.

While agentless scanning in Prisma Cloud can effectively assess various risks in cloud environments, including host compliance and vulnerabilities, it does not extend to container runtime risks. To inspect risks associated with container runtimes, such as real-time threat detection, behavioral monitoring, and deep visibility into container activity, deploying Prisma Cloud Defenders is necessary. These Defenders are lightweight agents that provide an additional layer of security by monitoring containerized applications in real-time, thereby offering comprehensive protection against threats that may arise during the runtime phase of containers.

The Cloud Discovery feature in Prisma Cloud allows engineers to monitor accounts continuously and report on cloud-native services that are unprotected across different cloud service providers. This feature requires specific permissions to access and assess the cloud environment's configuration and security posture. Thus, the correct answer is D: It enables engineers to continuously monitor all accounts and report on the services that are unprotected.

To specifically target running containers with a Cloud Native Application Framework (CNAF) policy in Prisma Cloud, the administrator should scope the policy to Image names. By doing so, the policy will apply to containers based on the images they were created from, allowing for precise targeting of security policies to specific containers. This approach is part of Prisma Cloud's capabilities to provide granular security controls for containerized environments, ensuring that policies are effectively applied to the relevant containers​​.

To protect a web application container from an SQL Injection (SQLi) attack, the administrator should create a Cloud Native Application Firewall (CNAF) policy. CNAF policies are designed to protect applications running in containers from various types of attacks, including SQLi, by inspecting the traffic going to and from the containerized applications and blocking malicious requests.

In Prisma Cloud, runtime rules are created to monitor and control the behavior of applications and services during their execution to ensure compliance with security policies. The three types of runtime rules that can be created in Prisma Cloud are:

• Processes: These rules monitor and control the execution of processes within the environment. They can be used to detect unauthorized or malicious processes and take actions such as alerting, blocking, or terminating the processes.
• Network-outgoing: These rules govern the outbound network connections from the applications or containers. They help in controlling access to external resources, preventing data exfiltration, and ensuring that the communication complies with the security policies.
• Filesystem: Filesystem rules are related to the access and modification of the file system by applications or containers. These rules can help in detecting unauthorized access, changes to sensitive files, and ensuring that the applications adhere to the least privilege principle in terms of file access.

These runtime rules are essential for maintaining the security and integrity of applications running in cloud environments, especially in dynamic and distributed architectures where traditional perimeter-based security controls may not be sufficient.

The question focuses on valid host compliance policies within a cloud environment. Among the given options, the most relevant to host compliance is ensuring compliant Docker daemon configuration. Docker daemon configurations are critical for securing the host environment where containers are run. A compliant Docker daemon configuration involves setting security-related options to ensure the Docker engine operates securely. This can include configurations related to TLS for secure communication, logging levels, authorization plugins, and user namespace remapping for isolation.

Ensuring functions are not overly permissive (Option A) and ensuring images are created with a non-root user (Option C) are more directly related to the security best practices for serverless functions and container images, respectively, rather than host-specific compliance checks. Ensuring host devices are not directly exposed to containers (Option B) is also important for security, but it falls under the broader category of container runtime security rather than host-specific compliance.

Thus, the most valid host compliance policy from the given options is to ensure a compliant Docker daemon configuration, as it directly impacts the security posture of the host environment in a containerized infrastructure. This aligns with best practices for securing Docker environments and is a common recommendation in container security guidelines, including those from Docker and cybersecurity frameworks.

References:

• Docker Documentation: Security configuration and best practices for Docker engine: https://docs.docker.com/engine/security/
• CIS Docker Benchmark: Providing consensus-based best practices for securing Docker environments: https://www.cisecurity.org/benchmark/docker/

When the Console is unreachable during upgrades, Defenders continue to alert and enforce using the policies and settings most recently cached before the upgrade (option D). This behavior ensures that security enforcement remains active and consistent, even when the central management console is temporarily unavailable. The cached policies enable Defenders to maintain the security posture based on the last known configuration, ensuring continuous protection against threats and compliance with established security policies. This approach reflects Prisma Cloud's design principle of ensuring uninterrupted security enforcement, thereby safeguarding the environment against potential vulnerabilities during maintenance periods.

The Incident Explorer section in Runtime Defense of a cloud security platform like Prisma Cloud is designed to reflect various types of security incidents that might occur within a containerized environment. Incident types such as Crypto miners, Port Scanning, and SQL Injection are common threats that are actively monitored. Crypto miners indicate unauthorized cryptocurrency mining activities; Port Scanning involves scanning a computer network or a single machine for open ports, which could be a precursor to more serious attacks; and SQL Injection is a code injection technique that might be used to attack data-driven applications. These incident types are critical to monitor for maintaining the security and integrity of cloud and container environments.

To add AWS accounts to the Prisma Cloud Enterprise tenant, the correct API endpoint is option C: https://api.prismacloud.io/cloud/aws. This endpoint is specifically designed for integrating cloud accounts with Prisma Cloud, enabling centralized visibility and security posture management across multiple cloud environments. By using this API endpoint, each AWS account can be individually onboarded to the Prisma Cloud platform, allowing for immediate posture visibility and consistent security policy enforcement across the newly acquired company's extensive AWS footprint. This process aligns with Prisma Cloud's capabilities for multi-cloud security and compliance management, ensuring that the onboarding of cloud accounts is both efficient and aligned with the platform's best practices for cloud security.

For container image scanning compliance rules in Prisma Cloud, the available actions that can be taken when a compliance violation is detected are:

• Allow: This action permits the container image to be used despite the compliance violation. It's typically used when the risk associated with the violation is accepted or deemed minimal.
• Snooze: This action temporarily ignores the compliance violation for a specified period. It's useful when immediate remediation is not possible, but the issue is planned to be addressed in the near future.
• Alert: This action generates an alert to notify the relevant personnel or systems about the compliance violation without blocking the use of the container image. It enables teams to be aware of and track compliance issues while deciding on the appropriate remediation steps.

These actions provide flexibility in managing compliance violations based on the organization's policies, risk tolerance, and remediation capabilities.

When you have one or more tenant or scale Projects, upgrade all Supervisors before upgrading the Central Console. https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/20-09/prisma-cloud-compute-edition-admin/upgrade/upgrade_process

Upon enabling alarms in Prisma Cloud, two critical alarm types that are registered are Onboarded Cloud Accounts status (A) and External integrations status (D). These alarms are pivotal for maintaining the health and security of the cloud environment. The Onboarded Cloud Accounts status alarms alert administrators about the connectivity and health of cloud accounts integrated with Prisma Cloud, ensuring continuous monitoring and security coverage. The External integrations status alarms provide notifications regarding the operational status of third-party services and tools integrated with Prisma Cloud, such as SIEMs, ticketing systems, or other security tools, ensuring that these integrations function correctly to support comprehensive security and incident response workflows.

The Defender type "Container Defender - Linux" in Prisma Cloud is typically deployed as a container. This deployment method allows the Defender to integrate seamlessly into containerized environments, providing runtime protection and monitoring for container activities. By running as a container, the Container Defender can leverage the native capabilities of the container orchestration platform, such as Kubernetes, to provide security features like threat detection, vulnerability management, and compliance enforcement within the containerized environment. This approach ensures that the security protections are closely aligned with the dynamic and scalable nature of containerized applications.

The API calls that can scan an image named myimage: latest with twistcli and then retrieve the results from Console do not require any additional flags beyond the address, user, and password for the Prisma Cloud Compute console. The --verbose, --details, and --console flags are not necessary for performing the scan and retrieving the results. The twistcli command with the required parameters initiates the scan, and upon completion, the results are available in the Prisma Cloud Compute console for review.

Reference to this process is provided in the Prisma Cloud Compute documentation, which outlines the steps for scanning container images with the twistcli command-line tool and retrieving the results from the Compute Console for analysis and action.

Managing Defender upgrades in a Prisma Cloud environment requires careful planning, especially in scenarios where not all Defenders can be upgraded simultaneously due to maintenance window constraints.

• Option C: Upgrade a subset of the Defenders by clicking the individual Actions > Upgrade button in the row that corresponds to the Defender that should be upgraded during the maintenance window is the recommended approach in this situation. This option allows administrators to manually select specific Defenders for upgrade within the available maintenance window, providing control over the upgrade process and ensuring that upgrades are aligned with operational requirements and maintenance schedules.

References:

• Prisma Cloud Defender Management Documentation: Details the procedures for managing and upgrading Prisma Cloud Defenders, including manual upgrade processes for individual Defenders.
• Best Practices for Managing Defender Upgrades: Offers guidelines on effectively planning and executing Defender upgrades, emphasizing the importance of aligning upgrade activities with maintenance windows to minimize disruption to the development environment.

Prisma Cloud integrates with various external systems to enhance its security capabilities by importing vulnerabilities and providing additional context. Among the options provided:

• A. Splunk: Prisma Cloud can integrate with Splunk for enhanced threat detection and security analytics, making it a correct choice.
• B. Amazon GuardDuty: Prisma Cloud can utilize findings from Amazon GuardDuty to provide additional threat intelligence and context on vulnerabilities within AWS environments, making it a correct choice.
• E. ServiceNow: Prisma Cloud can integrate with ServiceNow for incident management and workflow automation, providing context and remediation capabilities for vulnerabilities, making it a correct choice. Options C (Qualys) and D (Amazon Inspector) are not explicitly mentioned in the provided documents as integrated external systems for importing vulnerabilities into Prisma Cloud.

For a custom config Resource Query Language (RQL) in Prisma Cloud, two essential attributes are "json.rule" and "api.name." The "json.rule" attribute allows users to specify the JSON structure that defines the criteria or conditions of the query, essentially dictating what the query is looking for within the cloud environment. The "api.name" attribute identifies the specific API endpoint that the query will target, providing context and scope for the query. Together, these attributes enable users to craft precise and targeted queries that can assess the configuration and security posture of cloud resources, aiding in compliance checks, security assessments, and other governance tasks.

Prisma Cloud supports a wide range of external integrations for receiving Code Security notifications, including popular platforms like Splunk, Cortex XSOAR, and Microsoft Teams. These integrations facilitate seamless communication and automated workflows between Prisma Cloud and other operational tools, enhancing the security response capabilities. However, as of the current understanding, ServiceNow is primarily known for its capabilities in IT service management (ITSM) and incident management, and it might not be directly supported as an external integration specifically for Prisma Cloud Code Security notifications without custom configurations or additional integrations.

The protection in the runtime rule that would cause the audit message indicating "/bin/ls launched and is explicitly blocked in the runtime rule" is related to "Processes". In container security, a runtime rule set to monitor and restrict processes can block specific executables or commands from running within a container. If the rule is triggered, it indicates that a process that is explicitly denied by the policy attempted to execute, which in this case is the 'ls' command.

When creating a vulnerability policy for continuous integration within Prisma Cloud, the scope of the policy can include specific resources that are critical to the CI/CD pipeline, such as images and containers. These resources are central to the development and deployment processes in containerized environments. By focusing on images and containers, the policy can effectively identify and address vulnerabilities that might be present in container images before they are deployed or in running containers, thereby enhancing the security of the continuous integration and deployment pipeline. This approach ensures that only secure, compliant container images are used in production, reducing the risk of vulnerabilities being exploited.

To scan container images in Jenkins pipelines, two effective methods are using twistcli and the Compute Jenkins plugin. twistcli is a command-line tool provided by Prisma Cloud that allows for the scanning of container images for vulnerabilities and compliance issues directly from the CI/CD pipeline. It can be integrated into Jenkins jobs as a build or post-build step to automatically scan images as part of the build process.

The Compute Jenkins plugin is specifically designed for integration with Jenkins, providing a more seamless and automated way to include Prisma Cloud's security scanning capabilities within Jenkins pipelines. This plugin enables Jenkins to trigger image scans with Prisma Cloud directly and can fail builds based on scan results, ensuring that only secure and compliant images are pushed through the CI/CD pipeline.

Both twistcli and the Compute Jenkins plugin are designed to integrate Prisma Cloud's security capabilities into the CI/CD process, enabling DevOps teams to identify and fix security issues early in the development lifecycle.

Block — Defender stops the entire container if a process that violates your policy attempts to run.

https://docs.prismacloudcompute.com/docs/enterprise_edition/runtime_defense/runtime_defense_containers.html#_effect

In Prisma Cloud, the list of people who are receiving e-mails for alerts is managed within the configuration of individual Alert Rules.

• Option D: Set Alert Notification section within an Alert Rule is where administrators can specify the e-mail recipients for alerts generated by Prisma Cloud. This section allows for the customization of alert notifications, including the selection of recipients who should receive email notifications when an alert is triggered. This granularity ensures that the right stakeholders are informed about specific security incidents or compliance violations, facilitating timely and appropriate responses.

References:

• Prisma Cloud Alert Configuration Documentation: Details the process of setting up alert rules in Prisma Cloud, including how to configure notification settings and specify recipients for email alerts.
• Alert Management Best Practices: Offers insights into effective alert management strategies, highlighting the importance of targeted alert notifications in ensuring that critical security information reaches the relevant parties promptly.

In Prisma Cloud, the Resource Query Language (RQL) is used as a sophisticated querying language that enables deep inspection and analysis of cloud resources, configurations, and metadata. RQL is particularly adept at scanning Infrastructure as Code (IaC) templates because it allows for granular querying of cloud resources and their attributes, including those defined within IaC templates such as Terraform and CloudFormation. This capability is essential for identifying potential security risks, misconfigurations, and compliance issues within the infrastructure code before it's deployed, ensuring that cloud environments are secure from the outset.

Enabling the "block" option under compliance checks on a host in Prisma Cloud signifies a strict enforcement policy, where any container that violates specified compliance checks will be prevented from starting on that host. This preventive measure is crucial for maintaining a secure and compliant cloud environment, ensuring that only containers that meet the organization's compliance and security standards are allowed to run. This approach aligns with Prisma Cloud's proactive security posture management, where potential risks are mitigated before they can impact the cloud environment​​.

By default, Prisma Cloud's vulnerability policy is configured to alert on all detected vulnerabilities across containers and images, without filtering based on the severity of the vulnerabilities. This default setting ensures that administrators are made aware of all potential security issues, providing them with comprehensive visibility into the security posture of their environment. Administrators can then assess and prioritize these vulnerabilities based on their context, severity, and impact on the organization's assets​​.

Prisma Cloud's API documentation and extensive developer resources are primarily hosted on prisma.pan.dev, which is Palo Alto Networks' developer portal. This site offers comprehensive guides, API references, and resources for developers to integrate, automate, and extend the capabilities of Prisma Cloud within their applications and workflows. While docs.paloaltonetworks.com provides official product documentation, and Prisma Cloud Administrator’s Guide offers in-depth administrative guidance, prisma.pan.dev is specifically designed to serve as the hub for API documentation and developer resources. The Live Community is another valuable resource for peer support and discussions but is not the primary source for API documentation.

• Create CloudTrail with S3 as storage
• Enter SNS Topic in CloudTrail
• Enter RoleARN and SNSARN
• Create Stack

Comprehensive Detailed Explanation:Onboarding an AWS account for use with the Data Security feature involves setting up AWS CloudTrail to monitor API calls and log the data to an Amazon S3 bucket, which is essential for auditing and security purposes.

The first step in the onboarding process is to create an AWS CloudTrail with S3 as the storage destination. This is where all the CloudTrail logs will be collected and stored. The S3 bucket must be properly configured to receive and store logs.

After setting up CloudTrail, the next step is to enter the Amazon Simple Notification Service (SNS) topic in CloudTrail. This step involves specifying an SNS topic that CloudTrail will use to send notifications of log file delivery to the specified S3 bucket.

The third step is to enter the Role Amazon Resource Name (RoleARN) and the SNS Amazon Resource Name (SNSARN). RoleARN refers to the IAM role that grants permissions to the CloudTrail to access resources, while SNSARN is the identifier for the SNS topic created in the previous step.

Finally, the last step is to create a stack, which typically refers to deploying a CloudFormation template or another infrastructure as code service in AWS. This stack will set up all the necessary resources and configurations automatically, including the correct permissions and settings for the Data Security feature to function correctly.

These steps ensure that the AWS account is properly configured to capture and store API call logs and to notify the appropriate systems or personnel when specific events occur, thereby enhancing data security monitoring and compliance.

In the context of Defend > Compliance > Containers and Images > CI within Prisma Cloud by Palo Alto Networks, the compliance checks are focused on the security posture and compliance of container images. Therefore, the type of compliance check available under this section would be related to Images, ensuring they adhere to security best practices and compliance standards before being deployed.

When an open alert from the previous day has been resolved without any configured auto-remediation, the change in alert status could be due to A. a user manually changing the alert status, indicating a manual intervention where someone reviewed and updated the alert status, and C. resource was deleted, implying that the resolution of the alert could be due to the removal of the resource associated with the alert, hence nullifying the alert condition.

In Prisma Cloud, Defenders play a crucial role in securing cloud environments by monitoring and protecting workloads. The communication between Defenders and the Prisma Cloud Console occurs in real-time, allowing for immediate detection of threats, vulnerabilities, and compliance issues. This real-time communication is essential for maintaining an up-to-date security posture and promptly responding to potential security incidents. The real-time nature of Defender-Console communication ensures that security teams have the latest information and can take swift actions to mitigate risks.

In WAAS Access control for file uploads, Prisma Cloud supports various file types out-of-the-box to ensure secure and controlled file upload functionality. The supported file types include Text, Images, and Documents. These categories cover a wide range of commonly used file formats, allowing organizations to manage and restrict file uploads based on the content type. This feature helps in preventing malicious file uploads and ensures that only approved file types are uploaded to applications and services.

The data security default policy capable of scanning for vulnerabilities is "Objects containing Malware". In cloud security, malware scanning is an essential feature of CSPM tools that allows for the identification of malicious software within objects stored in the cloud. A policy that scans for objects containing malware ensures that any files or code bases in the cloud environment are examined for potential threats, protecting the cloud resources from being compromised.

When the administrator wants twistcli to communicate with the Console over HTTPS in a Kubernetes cluster, and considering the load balancer is configured in TCP passthrough mode, A. 8084 is typically the port used for secure HTTPS communication with the Prisma Compute Console. This port will allow twistcli to access the Prisma Compute APIs securely.

https://docs.prismacloudcompute.com/docs/compute_edition_21_04/tools/twistcli.html#connectivity-to-console

Graphical user interface, text, application Description automatically generated

Prisma Cloud includes built-in Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) permission groups to manage user access and permissions efficiently. Among the options, Group Membership Admin and Account Group Admin are two built-in RBAC permission groups. Group Membership Admins are responsible for managing user memberships within groups, while Account Group Admins have administrative privileges over specific account groups, allowing them to manage resources and policies within those groups. These roles help in delegating administrative tasks and enforcing the principle of least privilege.

In Prisma Cloud, Defender debug logs are essential for troubleshooting and understanding the Defender's operational behavior. The logs can be accessed through two primary methods:

A. The first method (B) involves using the Prisma Cloud Console's user interface. By navigating to Manage > Defenders > Manage > Defenders, administrators can select a deployed Defender from the list and access its logs by clicking Actions > Logs. This method provides a convenient way to view logs directly from the Console without the need to access the Defender host directly.

D. The second method (D) involves accessing the logs directly from the file system of the host where the Defender is deployed. The correct path for the Defender logs is /var/lib/twistlock/log/defender.log. This method is useful for situations where direct access to the host is available, and it allows for more in-depth troubleshooting by examining the raw log files.

Options A and C are incorrect because the paths and navigation steps provided do not accurately reflect the structure and functionality of Prisma Cloud's logging system.

The Adoption Advisor is a feature within Prisma Cloud that aims to improve product operationalization. It provides visibility into how features are utilized, identifies unused capabilities, and suggests ways to leverage the full potential of the platform. Therefore, Option A: Adoption Advisor is the correct answer.

To enable a user to interact programmatically with Prisma Cloud APIs and for a nonhuman entity to access keys, the correct action is to create a role and assign it to the Service Account (D). Service accounts in Prisma Cloud are designed for programmatic access by applications or automated tools, allowing these entities to interact with Prisma Cloud APIs securely. By creating a specific role with the necessary permissions and assigning it to a service account, administrators can ensure that the entity has the appropriate level of access required for its operations, aligning with the principle of least privilege and enhancing the security posture of API interactions.

When configuring a Prisma Cloud build policy specifically for Terraform, the type of query necessary is Terraform. Terraform is an infrastructure as code (IaC) tool that allows users to define and provision cloud infrastructure using a declarative configuration language. Prisma Cloud can analyze Terraform templates to identify potential security risks and misconfigurations before the infrastructure is provisioned, aligning with the best practices for integrating security into the application development pipeline and ensuring secure cloud configurations from the start​​.

The twistcli tool, part of Prisma Cloud's suite of security tools, supports various platforms for security scanning and configuration. The correct platforms supported by twistcli include:

• A. Linux: twistcli is widely used on Linux platforms for scanning container images, host vulnerabilities, and more, making it a correct choice.
• B. Windows: twistcli supports Windows, allowing users to perform security scans and checks on Windows-based systems, making it a correct choice.
• D. MacOS: twistcli is also compatible with MacOS, enabling security operations on Apple's operating system, making it a correct choice. Option C (Android) and E (Solaris) are not supported platforms for the twistcli tool, according to the available documentation on Prisma Cloud.

Prisma Cloud supports Single Sign-On (SSO) integration through Security Assertion Markup Language (SAML), enabling users to authenticate using their existing identity providers (IdPs) such as Okta, Azure Active Directory, PingID, among others. This SSO integration allows for a seamless user authentication experience, where users can log in to Prisma Cloud using their credentials managed by their organization's IdP. The SAML protocol facilitates this by allowing secure exchange of authentication and authorization data between the IdP and Prisma Cloud.

This integration enhances security by centralizing user authentication, reducing the number of passwords users need to remember, and enabling organizations to enforce their security policies, such as multi-factor authentication (MFA) and password complexity, across their cloud security tools. SAML support is a common feature in cloud security platforms for integrating with various IdPs, making it a verified approach for Prisma Cloud as well.

In the Prisma Cloud Web-Application and API Security (WAAS) rules, protections against OWASP-recognized vulnerabilities like Local file inclusion, SQL injection, and Shellshock are included. Local file inclusion involves unauthorized access to files on the server, potentially leading to sensitive information disclosure. SQL injection targets data-driven applications by inserting malicious SQL statements into an entry field, while Shellshock exploits vulnerabilities in Bash, a widely used Unix shell, to execute arbitrary commands. These protections are part of Prisma Cloud's comprehensive approach to securing web applications and APIs against common and severe vulnerabilities.

When an administrator adds a Cloud account to Prisma Cloud and then deletes it, if the deleted account is added back to Prisma Cloud within a 24-hour period, the existing alerts associated with that account will be displayed again. This behavior ensures continuity in monitoring and alerting, allowing security teams to retain visibility into potential security issues or compliance violations associated with the cloud account. Re-displaying existing alerts helps maintain a consistent security posture and ensures that no critical alerts are overlooked during the re-addition process.

To configure serverless scanning in a cloud security platform like Prisma Cloud, the system needs to know where (Region) the serverless functions are deployed, how to access them (Credential), and on which cloud platform they are running (Provider). These settings ensure that the scanning tool can accurately locate and authenticate to the serverless functions across different cloud environments for vulnerability assessment. This aligns with the principle of providing comprehensive visibility and consistent security across multi-cloud environments as outlined in the "Guide to Cloud Security Posture Management Tools" document​​.

The correct RQL to trigger the audit event activity shown is Option A. This RQL is designed to capture events from cloud audit logs where a ConsoleLogin operation occurs by the 'root' user. The given audit event details match this RQL's criteria, which specifies the operation type and the user involved in the event.

Prisma Cloud, part of Palo Alto Networks' cloud security suite, offers Console images that can be retrieved for deployment in various environments. The correct process for obtaining these images involves using basic authentication with Docker, a widely-used containerization platform. Users must first access the official Palo Alto Networks registry at registry.paloaltonetworks.com. Here, they are required to authenticate using the "docker login" command, which prompts for credentials. Upon successful authentication, users can then use the "docker pull" command to retrieve the Prisma Cloud Console images. This method ensures secure access to the latest Console images for deployment within an organization's infrastructure, aligning with best practices for container image management and deployment.

https://prisma.pan.dev/api/cloud/api-urls/

When accessing the Prisma Cloud API for a tenant located on app2.prismacloud.io, the correct API endpoint to use would be https://api2.prismacloud.io. This endpoint corresponds to the Prisma Cloud service instance hosted on app2.prismacloud.io, ensuring that API requests are directed to the correct instance of the service for processing.

The use of api2 in the URL indicates that this is the second instance or a different geographical or functional partition of the Prisma Cloud service, which might be used for load balancing, redundancy, or serving different sets of users. It is crucial to use the correct endpoint corresponding to the Prisma Cloud console URL to ensure successful API communication and authentication.

When configuring Kubernetes to use Prisma Cloud Compute as an admission controller, a crucial step involves D. copy the admission controller configuration from the Console and apply it to Kubernetes. This step is essential for integrating Prisma Cloud Compute's security controls directly into the Kubernetes admission process, enabling real-time security assessments and policy enforcement for new or modified resources within the cluster.

https://docs.paloaltonetworks.com/prisma/prisma-cloud/20-04/prisma-cloud-compute-edition-admin/access_control/open_policy_agent.html step 2

To use the automated method within Azure Cloud for streamlining the process of using remediation in the identity and access management (IAM) module, the required actions include configuring the IAM Azure remediation script, integrating with Azure Service Bus, and installing the azure.servicebus & requests library. These steps ensure that the automated remediation system can communicate effectively with Azure services, execute the necessary remediation actions, and address IAM-related alerts by adjusting permissions and access controls as needed. This automation helps maintain a secure and compliant cloud environment by promptly addressing potential IAM issues.

In Prisma Cloud, configuration policies are categorized to align with the different phases of the cloud security lifecycle, emphasizing a holistic approach to cloud security management. The subtypes "Build and Run" encapsulate this approach by covering both the development phase (Build) - where cloud resources and applications are designed and created, and the operational phase (Run) - where these resources and applications are deployed and actively used. This categorization ensures that security and compliance are integral throughout the lifecycle, from the initial creation of cloud infrastructure and applications to their deployment and day-to-day operation, thereby enhancing the overall security posture.

To protect pods in an environment from Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) attacks, the development team should create a Container Cloud Native Application Firewall (CNAF) policy. This policy should be targeted at the specific resource (e.g., a particular pod or set of pods), with the option for XSS protection checked, and the action set to "prevent." This configuration ensures that any XSS attacks directed at the targeted containers are effectively blocked.

Build Image, Scan Image, Publish Scan, Commit to Registry (if scan result is passed)

To create a custom policy within a cloud security platform like Prisma Cloud, security teams have the flexibility to either add a new policy from scratch or clone an existing one to serve as a foundation for customization. Adding a new policy allows for the creation of a completely tailored rule set based on specific security requirements. Cloning an existing policy, on the other hand, provides a quick start by using the structure of an already established policy, which can then be modified to fit particular needs. This approach is beneficial for maintaining consistency with existing policies while addressing unique security scenarios. Disabling an out-of-the-box policy (option C) or editing the query in an out-of-the-box policy (option D) are actions that might be taken to customize policy enforcement but do not equate to the creation of a new custom policy.

B --> Anomaly Trusted List—Exclude trusted IP addresses when conducting tests for PCI compliance or penetration testing on your network. Any addresses included in this list do not generate alerts against the Prisma Cloud Anomaly Policies that detect unusual network activity such as the policies that detect internal port scan and port sweep activity, which are enabled by default. C --> Trusted Alert IP Addresses—If you have internal networks that connect to your public cloud infrastructure, you can add these IP address ranges (or CIDR blocks) as trusted ... Prisma Cloud default network policies that look for internet exposed instances also do not generate alerts when the source IP address is included in the trusted IP address list and the account hijacking anomaly policy filters out activities from known IP addresses. Also, when you use RQL to query network traffic, you can filter out traffic from known networks that are included in the trusted IP address list.

For a customer who does not want alerts to be generated from network traffic originating from trusted internal networks, the appropriate setting is C. Trusted Alert IP Addresses. This setting allows for specifying certain IP addresses as trusted, meaning alerts will not be triggered by activities from these IPs, ensuring that internal network traffic is not flagged as potentially malicious.

Within Prisma Cloud's Resource Query Language (RQL), the "Incident" query type is invalid because RQL is designed to query configuration and posture information of cloud resources, not incident data. The valid RQL query types include "Config" for querying resource configurations, "Network" for querying network-related information, "IAM" for querying identity and access management configurations, and "Event" for querying audit events. The focus on resource configurations and audit events aligns with Prisma Cloud's capabilities in cloud security posture management (CSPM) and cloud workload protection platform (CWPP), providing insights into resource configurations, compliance, and network traffic​​.Top of Form

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To detect and alert on cryptominer network activity, the policy type that should be used is an Anomaly policy. Anomaly policies in Prisma Cloud are designed to identify unusual and potentially malicious activities, including the network patterns typical of cryptomining operations. These policies leverage behavioral analytics to spot deviations from normal operations, making Option B the correct answer.

The Container Runtime Model in Prisma Cloud typically includes states such as Learning, Active, and Archived. The Learning state is where Prisma Cloud observes container behaviors to understand normal operations and establish a baseline. During this phase, the system is not actively enforcing security policies but is learning the typical behaviors and patterns of container activity. The Active state is where the system actively enforces security policies based on the learned behaviors and detected anomalies. Containers that exhibit suspicious or malicious activity that deviates from the baseline may trigger alerts or actions based on configured policies. The Archived state refers to containers that are no longer active but whose data and activity logs are retained for historical analysis or compliance purposes.

The Prisma Cloud Compute Edition is identified as B. Downloadable, self-hosted software. This option indicates that Prisma Cloud Compute Edition is a solution that organizations can deploy within their own infrastructure, providing them with control over the installation, configuration, and management of the security platform.

In the Anomaly settings of a cloud security platform, choosing a High alert disposition severity is crucial when the objective is to generate alerts for both low and high severity incidents, especially in scenarios such as reporting unknown browsers and OS, impossible time travel, or account hijacking attempts. Setting the alert severity to High ensures that the security team is promptly notified of both overt and subtle anomalies, enabling quick response to potential security threats that may indicate unauthorized access or suspicious activities within the cloud environment.

Web Application and API Security (WAAS) bot protection within the Prisma Cloud ecosystem includes various types of bots, with "User-defined bots" and "Unknown bots" being two key categories. User-defined bots refer to bots that organizations have explicitly identified and categorized based on their behavior and purpose. These can include legitimate bots such as search engine crawlers or internal automation tools, which are recognized and allowed based on predefined criteria set by the user.

Unknown bots, on the other hand, encompass bots that have not been explicitly identified or categorized by the user or the system. These can potentially include malicious bots that attempt to scrape data, perform DDoS attacks, or exploit vulnerabilities in web applications and APIs. The categorization of unknown bots is crucial for maintaining security, as it allows for the monitoring and analysis of bot behavior to identify potential threats and take appropriate actions.

In the context of Prisma Cloud and its emphasis on securing cloud-native applications, the differentiation between user-defined and unknown bots is significant. Prisma Cloud's approach to WAAS bot protection is designed to provide granular control over bot traffic, enabling organizations to distinguish between beneficial and harmful bot activities. This aligns with the broader goal of ensuring the security and integrity of web applications and APIs in a cloud environment, as highlighted in documents such as the "Prisma-Cloud-Visibility-and-Control-Qualification-Guide" and "Guide-to-CSPM-Tools-Email-Social -LP-Copy." These resources emphasize the importance of comprehensive security measures that include the management of bot traffic to protect against a wide range of web-based threats.

References:

• "Prisma-Cloud-Visibility-and-Control-Qualification-Guide" discusses the importance of visibility and control in cloud environments, including the management of bot traffic as part of a comprehensive security strategy.
• "Guide-to-CSPM-Tools-Email-Social -LP-Copy" highlights the need for advanced security tools and practices, such as WAAS bot protection, to manage and mitigate the risks associated with web applications and APIs in the cloud.

To utilize the automated method for remediation within the Amazon Web Services (AWS) Cloud, specifically for the Identity and Access Management (IAM) module, two critical actions are required: installing the boto3 and requests libraries, and configuring the IAM AWS remediation script.

The boto3 library is AWS's SDK for Python, allowing Python developers to write software that makes use of services like Amazon S3 and Amazon EC2. The requests library is a Python HTTP library designed for human beings, enabling easy interaction with HTTP services. Together, these libraries are foundational for scripting AWS services, including automating remediation tasks within IAM.

Configuring the IAM AWS remediation script is the second critical step. This script is tailored to interact with AWS IAM to automate the remediation of identified security issues, such as excessive permissions, unused IAM roles, or improperly configured policies. The script uses the boto3 library to communicate with AWS services, applying the necessary changes to align IAM configurations with security best practices.

These actions are essential for leveraging automation to enhance IAM security within AWS, ensuring that IAM configurations adhere to the principle of least privilege and other security best practices. This approach aligns with Prisma Cloud's capabilities and recommendations for cloud security, emphasizing the importance of automation in maintaining a robust security posture, as discussed in resources like the "Prisma Cloud Visibility and Control Qualification Guide" and the "Guide to Cloud Security Posture Management Tools."

References:

• "Prisma Cloud Visibility and Control Qualification Guide" highlights the significance of automated security controls and remediation within cloud environments, supporting the use of scripts and libraries for IAM remediation in AWS.
• "Guide to Cloud Security Posture Management Tools" emphasizes the importance of automation in cloud security, particularly for managing and remediating IAM configurations to ensure compliance and minimize risks.

In Kubernetes environments, deploying Defenders to protect nodes involves leveraging DaemonSets, which ensure that every node in the cluster runs a copy of a specific pod. When the Console is running within a Kubernetes cluster, it's essential to correctly reference the Console service to ensure seamless communication between Defenders and the Console. Option A is the most straightforward and Kubernetes-native method for deploying Defenders. By choosing "twistlock-console" as the Console identifier on the deployment page within the Console, users can generate a DaemonSet configuration file tailored for the Twistlock namespace. This approach ensures that the Defenders are correctly configured to communicate with the Console, providing comprehensive security coverage across the Kubernetes nodes. This method aligns with best practices for deploying security agents in Kubernetes and is supported by Prisma Cloud (formerly Twistlock) documentation, which provides step-by-step instructions for deploying Defenders using DaemonSets.

In the context of DoS protection, enforcing a rate limit is a common strategy to prevent abuse and ensure service availability. The scenario described involves limiting the rate at which users can post ".tar.gz" files to five within five seconds. The correct ban configuration for this requirement would be one that specifies an average rate of 5 with a file extension match on “.tar.gz" within the Web Application and API Security (WAAS) component of a security solution like Prisma Cloud. WAAS is designed to protect web applications and APIs from various threats, including DoS attacks, by applying policies that can limit actions based on specific criteria, such as file types and request rates. This configuration ensures that any attempt to upload more than five ".tar.gz" files within a five-second window would be detected and blocked, mitigating the risk of DoS attacks targeting this particular file upload functionality.