1z0-1124-25 Oracle Cloud Infrastructure 2025 Networking Professional Questions and Answers

Objective: Identify the essential Service Connector Hub task for routing Flow Logs to Object Storage.

Option A (Ingest Logs): Ingesting is for bringing external logs into OCI, but Flow Logs are already OCI-native—incorrect.

Option B (Process Logs): “Process Logs” isn’t a specific task type in Service Connector Hub—incorrect.

Option C (Deliver Logs): Deliver Logs moves logs to a target (e.g., Object Storage), ensuring storage—correct and essential.

Option D (Transform Logs): Transforming modifies logs optionally, but delivery is required for storage—incorrect as the primary task.

Conclusion: Deliver Logs is the essential task type for this scenario.

Oracle documentation states:

"The Deliver Logs task in Service Connector Hub moves logs, such as VCN Flow Logs, to a specified destination like Object Storage for storage and analysis."This supports Option C. Reference:Service Connector Hub Overview - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/ServiceConnectorHub/Concepts/serviceconnectorhub.htm).

Context: Tunnel flapping over FastConnect vs. public internet.

Option A: Congestion/packet loss is less likely over FastConnect’s dedicated link than the unpredictable public internet—correct.

Option B: Mismatched keys/parameters would prevent tunnel establishment, not flapping—equally likely in both.

Option C: MTU issues cause fragmentation in both scenarios—equally likely.

Option D: BGP flapping is more relevant with FastConnect’s dynamic routing—more likely here.

Conclusion: Option A is less likely over FastConnect.

Oracle notes:

"FastConnect provides a stable, dedicated connection, reducing congestion and packet loss compared to public internet VPNs."This supports Option A. Reference:IPSec over FastConnect - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/settingupIPSec.htm#fastconnect).

Objective: Identify essential info for CPE to establish a Site-to-Site VPN with OCI.

Option A: Region and availability domain are for OCI resource placement, not CPE config—incorrect.

Option B: The DRG’s public IP is the VPN endpoint, and the IKE pre-shared key authenticates the tunnel—essential and correct.

Option C: OCID and compartment ID are for OCI management, not CPE setup—incorrect.

Option D: Subnet CIDRs are for routing, configured later, not for tunnel establishment—incorrect.

Conclusion: Option B provides the critical VPN connection details.

Oracle documentation states:

"To configure your CPE for Site-to-Site VPN, you need the public IP address of the DRG (VPN headend) and the IKE pre-shared key from the OCI console."This confirms Option B. Reference:Setting Up IPSec VPN - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/settingupIPSec.htm).

Context: Zero Trust requires strict access control.

Option A: IAM policies are still required—incorrect.

Option B: Private endpoints limit access to specific service instances, aligning with Zero Trust—correct.

Option C: Ports are controlled by NSGs/security lists—incorrect.

Option D: Private endpoints are for private access, not internet—incorrect.

Conclusion: Option B enhances security.

Oracle states:

"Private endpoints restrict access to specific OCI service instances, enhancing Zero Trust by limiting exposure compared to Service Gateways."This supports Option B. Reference:Private Endpoints - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Concepts/privateendpoints.htm).

Requirement:Centralized logging of Network Firewall traffic for analysis.

OCI Services:

Audit Service:Logs API calls, not network traffic.

Logging Analytics:Analyzes logs but needs log ingestion.

Service Connector Hub with Logging:Moves firewall logs to OCI Logging.

Cloud Guard:Monitors security posture, not detailed logging.

Evaluate Options:

A:Audit Service is for API events; incorrect.

B:Logging Analytics requires log source; incomplete.

C:Service Connector Hub with Logging captures and stores firewall logs; best fit.

D:Cloud Guard is for threat detection, not logging; incorrect.

Conclusion:Service Connector Hub with OCI Logging meets the requirement.

OCI Network Firewall logs require integration with OCI Logging. The Oracle Networking Professional study guide states, "Service Connector Hub can be configured to transfer Network Firewall logs to OCI Logging for centralized storage and analysis, meeting auditing requirements" (OCI Networking Documentation, Section: Network Firewall Logging). This ensures every session is logged and auditable.

Objective:Enable DNSSEC to secure OCI DNS against spoofing.

DNSSEC Process:Requires enabling on the zone, generating keys, and updating the registrar.

Evaluate Options:

A:Steering policies manage traffic, not DNSSEC; incorrect.

B:OCI DNS auto-generates keys; manual upload unnecessary; incorrect.

C:Enabling DNSSEC starts the process, provides DS record; correct first step.

D:Resolver validation is client-side, not enabling DNSSEC; incorrect.

Conclusion:Enabling DNSSEC on the zone is the critical first step.

DNSSEC setup begins at the zone level. The Oracle Networking Professional study guide states, "The first step to enable DNSSEC in OCI DNS is to activate it on the zone, which generates keys and provides a DS record to share with your registrar" (OCI Networking Documentation, Section: DNSSEC Configuration). This establishes the chain of trust.

Goal:Minimize maintenance of Bastion session configurations.

Bastion Options:

Individual Sessions:High maintenance per instance.

Dynamic Port Forwarding:Flexible but user-managed, prone to errors.

Centralized Service:Predefined targets, low maintenance.

Separate Hosts:Increases complexity and overhead.

Evaluate Options:

A:Per-instance sessions require constant updates; inefficient.

B:SOCKS5 shifts burden to users; moderate maintenance.

C:Centralized with managed sessions reduces effort; optimal.

D:Multiple hosts multiply management tasks; worst option.

Conclusion:Centralized Bastion with managed sessions is most efficient.

OCI Bastion service supports centralized management. The Oracle Networking Professional study guide notes, "A centralized Bastion service with managed sessions and predefined target configurations minimizes administrative overhead by streamlining access to private subnet resources" (OCI Networking Documentation, Section: Bastion Service). This approach leverages OCI’s automation capabilities.

Needs: Private, dedicated connection for large data transfers to Object Storage.

Option A: VPN with Service Gateway uses public internet, limiting bandwidth—incorrect.

Option B: Internet Gateway exposes traffic publicly—incorrect.

Option C: FastConnect Private Peering provides a dedicated link, and Service Gateway ensures private Object Storage access—correct.

Option D: DRG with Internet Gateway isn’t private—incorrect.

Conclusion: Option C best meets the need.

Oracle states:

"FastConnect Private Peering combined with a Service Gateway enables secure, high-bandwidth access to Object Storage from on-premises networks."This supports Option C. Reference:FastConnect and Service Gateway - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/fastconnect.htm#servicegateway).

Objective: Block all outbound internet traffic from a private subnet, ensuring compliance despite misconfigurations.

Option A: ALLOW to 0.0.0.0/0 permits all traffic, contradicting the requirement.

Option B: DROP to NAT Gateway IP only blocks traffic to the NAT Gateway, not all internet traffic (e.g., misconfigured routes bypassing NAT).

Option C: REJECT to 0.0.0.0/0 blocks all outbound traffic to any IP, sending an ICMP unreachable message. This ensures no internet access, even if misconfigured, and aids troubleshooting.

Option D: ALLOW to Service Gateway permits OCI service access, not internet blocking.

Conclusion: Option C is the most comprehensive and compliant solution.

Oracle’s Network Firewall guide states:

"Use REJECT with a destination of 0.0.0.0/0 to block all outbound traffic and notify the source, ideal for strict egress control."This matches Option C’s purpose. Reference:Network Firewall Policies - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/NetworkFirewall/Tasks/managingpolicies.htm).

Objective: Securely transition from self-signed to trusted CA certificates.

Option A: Importing self-signed certificates into OCI Certificates doesn’t improve security—incorrect.

Option B: Immediate replacement risks outages if clients don’t trust the new CA—unrecommended.

Option C: Gradual replacement with OCI Certificates, updating client truststores, ensures security and minimizes disruption—correct.

Option D: Bypassing validation via WAF weakens security—incorrect.

Conclusion: Option C is the most secure and recommended method.

Oracle advises:

"Replace self-signed certificates with OCI Certificates from a trusted CA. Perform a phased rollout and update client truststores to avoid disruptions."This validates Option C. Reference:OCI Certificates Overview - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Security/Certificates/overview.htm).

Objective:Grant requesting tenancy permission to initiate an RPC to the target tenancy.

RPC Process:Requires the requesting tenancy to create and connect the RPC, which needs specific IAM permissions in the target tenancy.

IAM Verbs:

manage:Broad permissions, too permissive for RPC initiation.

use:Allows creation and connection of RPCs, precise for this task.

inspect:Read-only, insufficient for initiating connections.

read:Read-only, insufficient for initiating connections.

Evaluate Options:

A:Too broad, includes unnecessary permissions; incorrect.

B:Precise permission for RPC initiation; correct.

C:Read-only, doesn’t allow connection; incorrect.

D:Read-only, doesn’t allow connection; incorrect.

Conclusion:"use remote-peering-connections" is the essential policy.

RPCs require specific IAM policies for cross-tenancy connectivity. The Oracle Networking Professional study guide states, "To initiate a Remote Peering Connection, the requesting tenancy needs an IAM policy with the 'use remote-peering-connections' verb targeting the acceptor tenancy’s OCID" (OCI Networking Documentation, Section: Remote Peering Connections). This ensures controlled access for connection establishment.

Requirement: OCI-AWS traffic must stay in the US for sovereignty compliance.

Option A: A FastConnect partner guaranteeing US-only transit ensures compliance via a private, controlled path—correct.

Option B: DRG and VGW with VPN don’t guarantee US-only routing over public internet—incorrect.

Option C: Generic VPN can’t control internet paths despite US gateways—incorrect.

Option D: Public internet with DNS restrictions doesn’t enforce routing—incorrect.

Conclusion: Option A is the most critical consideration.

Oracle states:

"Choose a FastConnect partner that can guarantee geographic routing constraints, such as US-only transit, to meet data sovereignty requirements."This supports Option A. Reference:FastConnect Compliance - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/fastconnect.htm#compliance).

Objective: Identify the OCI component for dynamic routing in a hybrid setup.

Option A: Internet Gateway enables public internet access, not private hybrid routing—incorrect.

Option B: DRG is a virtual router that dynamically routes traffic between on-premises networks and VCNs via FastConnect or VPN, using protocols like BGP—correct.

Option C: Service Gateway provides private access to OCI services, not on-premises connectivity—incorrect.

Option D: LPG peers VCNs within the same region, not with on-premises—incorrect.

Conclusion: DRG is essential for hybrid dynamic routing.

Oracle documentation confirms:

"The Dynamic Routing Gateway (DRG) enables dynamic routing between your on-premises network and VCNs, supporting hybrid cloud connectivity via FastConnect or VPN."This validates Option B. Reference:Dynamic Routing Gateway Overview - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/managingDRGs.htm).

Requirement: IAM permission to accept cross-tenancy LPG peering.

Option A: “Manage” allows creating and accepting peering—correct.

Option B: “Use” permits using existing LPGs, not accepting requests—incorrect.

Option C: “Inspect” is read-only, insufficient—incorrect.

Option D: “Read” on virtual-network-family doesn’t cover LPG management—incorrect.

Conclusion: Option A is required.

Oracle states:

"To accept a cross-tenancy peering request, the target tenancy needs ‘manage local-peering-gateways’ permission."This confirms Option A. Reference:Local VCN Peering - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/localVCNpeering.htm).

Concern:IPSec overhead reduces effective MTU.

MTU Impact:Must avoid fragmentation, which degrades performance.

Evaluate Factors:

A:Bandwidth doesn’t dictate MTU; incorrect.

B:Smallest MTU in path (path MTU) prevents fragmentation; most critical.

C:Ethernet MTU is a factor but not the limiting one; incomplete.

D:DRG fragmentation settings are secondary to path MTU; incorrect.

Conclusion:Path MTU is the key determinant to avoid fragmentation.

IPSec reduces MTU due to headers. The Oracle Networking Professional study guide explains, "When configuring IPSec over FastConnect, the most important factor is the smallest MTU supported along the entire path to prevent fragmentation and ensure efficient traffic flow" (OCI Networking Documentation, Section: IPSec over FastConnect). Path MTU discovery is critical.

Requirements:Encrypt FastConnect traffic with minimal bandwidth impact.

IPSec Options:

DRG VPN:Native OCI solution over FastConnect.

Firewall Appliances:Adds overhead and complexity.

Compute Instances:Resource-intensive, not scalable.

Internet VPN:Uses public internet, against requirements.

Evaluate Options:

A:DRG VPN with AES-GCM (low-overhead encryption) leverages FastConnect; optimal.

B:Firewalls with AES-256 add overhead, reducing bandwidth; less effective.

C:Compute-based VPN is inefficient and public-facing; unsuitable.

D:Public internet VPN violates privacy requirement; incorrect.

Conclusion:DRG VPN with AES-GCM is the most effective solution.

OCI supports IPSec over FastConnect via DRG. The Oracle Networking Professional study guide explains, "A Site-to-Site VPN over FastConnect using the DRG provides encrypted traffic with low-overhead algorithms like AES-GCM, maintaining high bandwidth" (OCI Networking Documentation, Section: FastConnect with VPN). This meets regulatory and performance needs efficiently.

Requirement:Private, secure access to OIC from a private subnet.

Endpoint Types:

Public:Internet-based; violates policy.

Service Gateway:For OCI services like Object Storage, not OIC.

Private:VCN-internal access to services; fits OIC.

Regional:Ambiguous, not specific; incorrect.

Evaluate Options:

A:Public internet; incorrect.

B:Wrong service target; incorrect.

C:Private within VCN; correct.

D:Undefined scope; incorrect.

Conclusion:Private Endpoint ensures secure connectivity.

Private Endpoints secure OIC access. The Oracle Networking Professional study guide notes, "A Private Endpoint allows applications in a private subnet to access Oracle Integration Cloud (OIC) within the OCI network, avoiding public internet exposure" (OCI Networking Documentation, Section: Private Endpoints). This meets the security policy directly.

Problem Context: BGP session is established, but no routes are exchanged, and basic config (ASNs, IPs) is correct.

Option A Analysis: Misconfigured keepalive timers would cause the session to drop intermittently. Since the session is confirmed as established, this is unlikely. Keepalives affect session stability, not route exchange.

Option B Analysis: A mismatch in BGP authentication keys (e.g., MD5 passwords) would prevent the session from establishing. Given the session is up, this is not the issue.

Option C Analysis: BGP prefix lists or route maps filter advertised routes. If either the on-premises router or OCI applies a filter (intentionally or misconfigured), it could block route advertisements despite an established session. This is a common issue in BGP setups and aligns with the symptoms.

Option D Analysis: MTU mismatches could cause packet loss or fragmentation, but BGP uses TCP (small packets), and session establishment indicates MTU isn’t the primary issue. Route exchange failures are more likely due to filtering than MTU.

Conclusion: Option C is the most likely cause, as filtering directly prevents route exchange without affecting session status.

From Oracle’s FastConnect documentation:

"Once a BGP session is established, routes are exchanged based on the prefixes advertised by each side. Route maps, prefix lists, or filters on either the CPE or OCI side can restrict which routes are advertised or accepted."

"If no routes appear in the routing table despite an active session, verify that no filters are blocking advertisements."This supports Option C as the most likely cause. Reference:FastConnect Overview - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/fastconnect.htm).

Understand the Requirement: The goal is high availability (HA) and automatic failover for a Site-to-Site VPN between an on-premises network and OCI with minimal disruption.

Evaluate Option A: A single VPN connection with one tunnel lacks redundancy. If the tunnel fails, there’s no failover mechanism, as OCI doesn’t inherently provide automatic failover for a single tunnel. This is a single point of failure.

Evaluate Option B: A single VPN connection with two tunnels using different CPE IP addresses leverages OCI’s IPSec VPN capabilities. OCI supports multiple tunnels per VPN connection, and using distinct CPE IPs (e.g., via different ISPs or devices) ensures that if one tunnel fails (due to ISP or CPE failure), the second tunnel remains active. OCI’s Dynamic Routing Gateway (DRG) automatically reroutes traffic to the active tunnel using IKE and IPSec health checks.

Evaluate Option C: Two separate VPN connections, each with one tunnel and different CPE IPs, also provide HA. Using BGP, routes are advertised redundantly. However, managing two VPN connections is more complex than a single connection with two tunnels, and BGP failover might introduce slight delays compared to IPSec tunnel failover.

Evaluate Option D: Two tunnels with the same CPE IP address within one VPN connection don’t provide true HA. If the CPE or its ISP fails, both tunnels fail, as they share a single point of failure.

Conclusion: Option B is the simplest, most resilient configuration that ensures automatic failover with minimal disruption using OCI’s native VPN capabilities.

OCI’s Site-to-Site VPN supports multiple tunnels within a single IPSec connection for redundancy. According to the Oracle Help Center:

"You can configure multiple tunnels for a single IPSec connection to provide redundancy. OCI uses IKE (Internet Key Exchange) to monitor tunnel health and automatically fails over to an active tunnel if one becomes unavailable."

"For maximum availability, use different CPE public IP addresses for each tunnel (e.g., different ISPs or devices)."This aligns with Option B, ensuring HA without the complexity of separate VPN connections or BGP. Reference:Site-to-Site VPN Overview - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/settingupIPSec.htm).

Goal: Capture and analyze traffic metadata for anomalies and troubleshooting.

Option A: NSGs control traffic but don’t capture metadata—incorrect.

Option B: Flow Logs record detailed traffic metadata (e.g., IPs, ports), perfect for analysis—correct.

Option C: Route Tables manage routing, not metadata—incorrect.

Option D: Service Gateway enables service access, not traffic logging—incorrect.

Conclusion: Flow Logs are best suited.

Oracle documentation confirms:

"Flow Logs capture network traffic metadata within a VCN, enabling anomaly detection and connectivity troubleshooting.”This supports Option B. Reference:Flow Logs Overview - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Concepts/flowlogs.htm).

Goal: Verify routing for inter-region VCN peering via DRG.

Option A: Cloud Guard monitors security, not routing—incorrect.

Option B: Audit Logs track changes, not current routing state—incorrect.

Option C: DRG Route Tables define routing rules, directly showing misconfigurations—correct.

Option D: Network Visualizer shows topology but not detailed routing rules—less effective.

Conclusion: DRG Route Tables are most effective.

Oracle states:

"DRG Route Tables are the primary tool for verifying and troubleshooting routing configurations for inter-region VCN peering."This validates Option C. Reference:DRG Troubleshooting - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/managingDRGs.htm#troubleshooting).

Symptoms:VPN tunnel drops intermittently despite stable internet and IKE settings.

VPN Components:Requires IKE (UDP 500/4500) and ESP (IP 50) traffic.

Evaluate Options:

A:Incorrect CPE IP would prevent tunnel establishment, not intermittent drops; incorrect.

B:DRG outage would cause full downtime, not intermittent; unlikely.

C:Security rules blocking IKE/ESP intermittently (e.g., rate limiting) is common; most likely.

D:NAT-Traversal issues typically prevent initial setup, not intermittent drops; less likely.

Conclusion:Security rule misconfiguration is the most probable cause.

VPN stability depends on unblocked IKE and ESP traffic. The Oracle Networking Professional study guide notes, "Intermittent VPN tunnel drops are often caused by security rules or firewalls blocking IKE (UDP 500/4500) or ESP (IP Protocol 50) traffic" (OCI Networking Documentation, Section: Site-to-Site VPN Troubleshooting). This aligns with the scenario’s symptoms.

Goal: Restrict subnet traffic to a specific on-premises IP range via FastConnect.

Option A: Internet Gateway is for public access, not FastConnect—incorrect.

Option B: Default security list applies broadly, lacking granularity; NSGs are more effective—less optimal.

Option C: Custom route table with DRG ensures FastConnect routing; NSGs provide precise, instance-level traffic restriction—correct.

Option D: LPG is for same-region VCN peering, not on-premises—incorrect.

Conclusion: Option C is the most effective method.

Oracle notes:

"Use a custom route table with a DRG route rule for FastConnect traffic. NSGs offer granular control to restrict traffic to specific IP ranges."This supports Option C. Reference:FastConnect and NSG Overview - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/fastconnect.htm & docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Concepts/NSGs.htm).

Problem Scope:Identify and adjust WAF rules causing false positives in Detection mode without disrupting traffic.

Detection Mode Behavior:Logs potential violations without blocking, allowing analysis.

Evaluate Options:

A:Use OCI Logging Analytics to pinpoint rule IDs from logs, then set rules to "log only" for testing; efficient and non-disruptive.

B:Disabling all rules risks security and is time-consuming; inefficient.

C:Increasing sensitivity worsens false positives; counterproductive.

D:Whitelisting IPs is a temporary fix, not scalable or diagnostic; unsuitable.

Conclusion:Logging analysis with rule adjustment is the most efficient approach.

OCI WAF logs provide detailed insights for troubleshooting. The Oracle Networking Professional study guide states, "In Detection mode, WAF logs all triggered rules, which can be analyzed in OCI Logging Analytics to identify false positives. Rules can then be adjusted to 'log only' to refine policies without affecting traffic" (OCI Networking Documentation, Section: Web Application Firewall). This method ensures precision and minimal disruption.

Problem:Instances lack IPv6 addresses despite VCN IPv6 configuration.

OCI IPv6 Behavior:IPv6 requires subnet enablement and OS support via SLAAC.

Evaluate Options:

A:Incorrect. OCI doesn’t auto-assign IPv6 without OS configuration.

B:Correct. SLAAC must be enabled on the instance OS for auto-assignment.

C:Incorrect. IPv6 works in both public and private subnets.

D:Incorrect. IPv4 and IPv6 assignments are independent.

Conclusion:Enabling SLAAC on the OS ensures automatic IPv6 assignment.

IPv6 in OCI relies on SLAAC for automatic address assignment. The Oracle Networking Professional study guide states, "To enable IPv6 on instances, the VCN and subnet must have IPv6 CIDR blocks, and the instance OS must support SLAAC to automatically configure IPv6 addresses" (OCI Networking Documentation, Section: IPv6 Configuration). Without SLAAC, instances default to IPv4 only.

Goal: Ensure OCI-Azure traffic during BGP disruption.

Option A: Static routes bypass BGP dependency, maintaining connectivity—correct.

Option B: Disabling BGP stops routing—incorrect.

Option C: Notification doesn’t ensure connectivity—incorrect.

Option D: Keepalive timers delay detection, not prevent disruption—incorrect.

Conclusion: Option A is most critical.

Oracle notes:

"For uninterrupted OCI-Azure Interconnect traffic during BGP maintenance, configure static routes between VCNs and VNets."This supports Option A. Reference:OCI-Azure Interconnect - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/ociazureinterconnect.htm).

Goal:Prefer FastConnect routes over public internet in OCI.

BGP Attributes:

Local Preference:Higher value prefers a path within an AS.

AS Path:Shorter path preferred, but manipulated on sender side.

Prefix Length:More specific wins, but not controllable here.

MED:Influences inbound traffic, not OCI preference.

Evaluate Options:

A:Higher Local Preference ensures FastConnect priority; correct.

B:AS Path is set by on-premises, not OCI; incorrect.

C:Prefix specificity is on-premises controlled; incorrect.

D:MED affects on-premises, not OCI; incorrect.

Conclusion:Local Preference is the right attribute.

Local Preference controls route preference in BGP. The Oracle Networking Professional study guide states, "To prioritize FastConnect routes in OCI, increase the Local Preference for routes learned via the FastConnect virtual circuit over other paths" (OCI Networking Documentation, Section: BGP Configuration). This ensures OCI prefers the private path.

Requirement: Secure outbound connection to a public API without exposing the instance.

Option A: Internet Gateway allows inbound and outbound traffic, exposing the instance—violates policy.

Option B: NAT Gateway enables outbound-only internet access from a private subnet. A security list restricts traffic to the API’s IP, ensuring security—correct.

Option C: Service Gateway is for OCI services, not third-party APIs—incorrect.

Option D: DRG with FastConnect is for private connections (e.g., on-premises), not internet APIs—incorrect.

Conclusion: Option B meets the policy and connectivity needs.

Oracle notes:

"A NAT Gateway allows instances in a private subnet to initiate outbound internet traffic without receiving inbound connections. Use security lists to restrict destinations."This supports Option B. Reference:NAT Gateway Overview - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/NATgateway.htm).

Constraints: High bandwidth, low latency, secure private connection, redundancy.

Option A: Single VPN Connect offers security but lacks high bandwidth, low latency, and redundancy—unsuitable for migration needs.

Option B: Multiple VPNs improve redundancy but still rely on public internet, limiting bandwidth and latency performance compared to dedicated circuits.

Option C: Single FastConnect provides high bandwidth, low latency, and privacy via a dedicated line, but lacks redundancy.

Option D: Multiple FastConnect circuits ensure high bandwidth and low latency with redundancy. Adding multiple VPNs as backup enhances resilience, meeting all constraints.

Conclusion: Option D is the most suitable and resilient, balancing performance and continuity.

Oracle states:

"FastConnect provides a private, high-bandwidth, low-latency connection to OCI. Use multiple circuits for redundancy."

"Combine FastConnect with IPSec VPN for additional failover options."Option D aligns with this guidance. Reference:FastConnect Overview - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Tasks/fastconnect.htm).

Goal: Ensure optimal performance in connectivity strategy.

Option A: Low setup cost may compromise performance—incorrect.

Option B: Proximity affects latency; ignoring it harms performance—incorrect.

Option C: Matching bandwidth to app needs ensures performance—correct.

Option D: Limiting to managed solutions restricts options—incorrect.

Conclusion: Option C is the key consideration.

Oracle advises:

"Consider application bandwidth requirements and peak loads when selecting a connectivity strategy for optimal performance during migration.”This supports Option C. Reference:Network Planning for Migration - Oracle Help Center(docs.oracle.com/en-us/iaas/Content/Network/Concepts/migration.htm#planning).

Requirements:Low-latency, minimal overhead for TCP connections, no session persistence.

Load Balancer Types:

Application Load Balancer (ALB):Layer 7, higher overhead, suited for HTTP/HTTPS.

Network Load Balancer (NLB):Layer 4, low overhead, ideal for TCP/UDP.

Evaluate Options:

A:ALB with HTTP checks is for HTTP traffic, adds overhead; unsuitable.

B:NLB with TCP checks is optimized for TCP, low latency; best fit.

C:ALB with TCP checks still has Layer 7 overhead; less efficient.

D:“Flexible Load Balancer” isn’t a specific OCI service; incorrect.

Conclusion:NLB minimizes latency and overhead for TCP connections.

The Network Load Balancer is designed for high-performance TCP scenarios. The Oracle Networking Professional study guide states, "Network Load Balancer operates at Layer 4, providing low-latency, high-throughput load balancing for TCP/UDP traffic with minimal overhead, ideal for database connections" (OCI Networking Documentation, Section: Load Balancing). TCP health checks ensure instance availability without session persistence complexity.

Requirements:VCN isolation, inter-VCN traffic via on-premises appliances.

DRG Role:Central hub for VCN and FastConnect connectivity.

Evaluate Options:

A:DRG routes inter-VCN traffic via FastConnect to on-premises; meets isolation and inspection needs.

B:Transit Routing allows direct VCN-to-VCN communication, bypassing on-premises; incorrect.

C:Bypassing DRG with VPNs is complex and unsupported; incorrect.

D:LPG is for intra-region peering, not DRG-to-FastConnect; incorrect.

Conclusion:Option A enforces the policy via DRG route tables.

DRG route tables control traffic flow. The Oracle Networking Professional study guide states, "To force inter-VCN traffic through an on-premises network via FastConnect, configure DRG route tables to route VCN-destined traffic to the FastConnect attachment, ensuring isolation and inspection" (OCI Networking Documentation, Section: DRG Routing). This setup leverages a single DRG effectively.

Problem:Packet loss and degradation over OCI-Azure Interconnect.

Typical Causes:Security rules, routing, MTU mismatches.

Evaluate Options:

A:NSGs/Security Lists blocking traffic is a common issue; typical.

B:Routing misconfiguration can drop packets; typical.

C:Pricing tiers affect billing, not interconnect bandwidth; not typical.

D:MTU mismatches cause fragmentation and loss; typical.

Conclusion:Pricing tiers are unrelated to interconnect performance issues.

Interconnect performance issues stem from network configuration, not pricing. The Oracle Networking Professional study guide states, "Troubleshooting multi-cloud interconnects involves checking security rules, routing, and MTU settings, as these directly impact traffic flow" (OCI Networking Documentation, Section: Multi-Cloud Connectivity). Pricing tiers influence resource limits, not interconnect bandwidth.