H13-511_V5.5 HCIA-Cloud Computing V5.5 Exam Questions and Answers

In the Huawei HCIA-Cloud Computing curriculum, network management and storage management are distinct functional areas. The technologies listed in options A, C, and D are all integral to the networking stack of a virtualized environment. A Distributed Virtual Switch (DVS) is used to manage the logical network across multiple physical hosts.1 A Virtual NIC (vNIC) is the virtualized network interface that provides connectivity for a Virtual Machine.2 Network I/O Control is a feature used to manage and prioritize network traffic bandwidth (Quality of Service) to ensure that critical services receive the necessary throughput.3

However, aSnapshotis strictly a data management and protection technology, not a networking tool.4According to the official training materials, a snapshot records the status of a Virtual Machine's data (specifically its virtual disks and, optionally, its memory state) at a specific point in time.5This allows an administrator to "roll back" the VM to a previous state in case of software failure, a botched update, or data corruption.6While a snapshot captures theconfigurationof the network settings that existed at that time, it does not "manage" the network itself. It does not handle frame forwarding, VLAN tagging, or traffic shaping.

In the context ofFusionCompute, snapshots are managed at the storage layer (VIMS or local storage). They are used for disaster recovery and testing. Using a snapshot to attempt network management would be a fundamental misunderstanding of the architecture. Therefore, within the HCIA framework, students must distinguish between "Connectivity/Control" (Networking) and "Persistence/State" (Storage/Snapshots). This distinction ensures that administrators apply the correct tools for specific operational tasks, such as using the DVS for traffic isolation and snapshots for data backup.

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In HCIA–Cloud Computing (Operating System Basics), Linux network interface configuration is a foundational skill, and openEuler follows the standard Red Hat–style network configuration syntax.

To configure a static IP address, the parameter BOOTPROTO must be set to static. This tells the operating system not to request an IP address from a DHCP server and instead use the manually configured values such as IPADDR and NETMASK.

To ensure that the NIC is automatically activated when the system boots, the parameter ONBOOT must be set to yes. If ONBOOT is set to no, the interface will remain down after boot and must be manually started.

Therefore, the completed and correct configuration is:

BOOTPROTO=static

ONBOOT=yes

BOOTPROTO=static → Uses a fixed IP address

ONBOOT=yes → Enables automatic startup at system boot

This configuration exactly matches HCIA–Cloud Computing requirements for static IP configuration on openEuler.

The HCIA–Cloud Computing syllabus defines clear terminology for virtualization components.

The Guest OS is the operating system installed and running inside a virtual machine. It operates as if it were running on physical hardware, but all hardware access is abstracted by the hypervisor.

The hypervisor (A) is the virtualization layer that manages physical resources and virtual machines.

The host OS (B) is the operating system running on the physical server (in hosted virtualization models).

The host machine (D) refers to the physical server itself.

Therefore, the correct answer is Guest OS.

According to the Huawei HCIA-Cloud Computing training materials, the statement is FALSE. In a Distributed Virtual Switch (DVS), a port group is a management object used to define common attributes for a collection of virtual ports. These attributes include VLAN settings, security policies, and Quality of Service (QoS) parameters. When an administrator configures a priority (such as an 802.1p priority tag) within a port group, that configuration applies to the entire port group, meaning all VMs connected to that group share the same policy.

The system does not allow for the setting of individual "priorities" for each specific member port (VM port) directly within the port group configuration. Instead, the port group ensures consistency across the virtual network. If different VMs required different priorities, they would typically be placed into different port groups, each with its own specific QoS and VLAN configuration.

It is important to distinguish this fromUplink Groups. In an uplink group (which connects the DVS to physical network cards), administratorscanset priorities or active/standby states for physical member ports (NICs) to control traffic flow and redundancy. However, for the virtual ports used by VMs within a standard port group, the logic is based on uniform policy enforcement. Huawei's documentation emphasizes that port groups are designed to simplify management by allowing the administrator to configure a policy once and have it apply to all associated VM NICs, thereby reducing the risk of manual configuration errors on a per-port basis.

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According to the Huawei HCIA-Cloud Computing documentation, specifically within the "Planning and Deployment of FusionAccess" module, the network architecture of a cloud data center is divided into distinct planes to ensure security, isolation, and efficient management. In a FusionAccess deployment, infrastructure virtual machines (VMs)—which include critical components such as the ITA (IT Adapter), HDC (Huawei Desktop Controller), WI (Web Interface), and the GaussDB database—are considered the "management brain" of the desktop cloud solution.

TheManagement planeis specifically designed to facilitate communication between management systems and all nodes within the cloud environment. In the provided scenario, the network segment192.168.10.0/24(VLAN 10) is designated as the FusionCompute Management plane. Huawei's official best practices dictate that Linux infrastructure VMs must be deployed on this plane to allow them to communicate directly with theVirtual Resource Management (VRM)node and theComputing Node Agent (CNA)hosts. This placement ensures that management traffic for desktop provisioning and resource orchestration remains isolated from general user traffic and heavy storage data flows.

In contrast, theService plane(192.168.30.0/24) is intended for the traffic of standard user applications, while theService desktopsegment (192.168.108.0/22) is reserved for the end-user virtual desktops themselves. Placing infrastructure VMs on theStorage plane(192.168.20.0/24) would be technically incorrect, as it is strictly dedicated to disk I/O and would not provide the necessary logical path to the management portal. Therefore, selecting network segment B ensures that infrastructure components are securely positioned to manage the desktop lifecycle while maintaining high availability and administrative accessibility.

This statement is TRUE and covers two fundamental concepts within the Huawei HCIA-Cloud Computing curriculum: resource locality and High Availability (HA).

First, the statement addresses the constraint ofresource locality. In the current architecture of Huawei FusionCompute (and most mainstream virtualization platforms), a single Virtual Machine (VM) cannot "span" its core compute resources (vCPU and RAM) across multiple physical hosts simultaneously. For instance, if a physical host has 128GB of RAM, you cannot create a single VM with 256GB of RAM, because that VM’s memory address space must be mapped to the physical DIMMs of a single physical server to maintain performance and synchronization. Therefore, the maximum specifications of a VM are always bounded by the physical hardware limits of a single host within the cluster.

Second, the statement accurately describes theHigh Availability (HA)function. While a running VM is tied to one host, cloud computing overcomes this physical dependency through cluster-level management. When theVRM (Virtual Resource Management)node detects that a physical host has malfunctioned (via heartbeat loss), it triggers the HA policy. Since the VM’s disk files are stored on shared storage (like a SAN or NAS), the system "assigns" the VM to a different healthy host in the same cluster. The VM is then automatically restarted on that new host, which provides the necessary CPU and memory resources to resume services.

This combination of strict host-level resource allocation for execution and cluster-level flexibility for recovery is what allows Huawei’s cloud solutions to provide stable, enterprise-grade infrastructure. Understanding that compute resources are provided by a "single host" at runtime, but protected by the "cluster" during a failure, is a core objective of the HCIA-Cloud Computing certification.

In the official Huawei HCIA-Cloud Computing curriculum, specifically within the "Huawei Virtualization Platform Management" module, the lifecycle and resource adjustment of Virtual Machines (VMs) are covered in detail. While virtualization provides significant elasticity, certain physical-to-logical mappings have technical constraints. According to the training materials, while you can add disks or increase the capacity of an existing virtual disk (expansion), disk capacity cannot be reduced once it has been allocated and formatted by the Guest Operating System.

The reason for this limitation is rooted in data integrity. Reducing a disk's size at the virtualization layer (CNA/VIMS) would involve "chopping off" the end of the logical block range. Since the Guest OS manages the file system and may have placed metadata or data at the end of that range, shrinking the disk from the outside would almost certainly result in file system corruption and data loss. Therefore, Huawei FusionCompute does not provide a "shrink" function for virtual disks. If a user needs a smaller disk, they must create a new, smaller disk and migrate the data at the application level.

In contrast, other resources offer more flexibility. NIC quantities (A) can be reduced by deleting a virtual network adapter from the VM configuration. CPU resources (C) and Memory resources (D) can be adjusted in the VM settings; while increasing them is common, they can also be reduced (typically requiring a VM restart to allow the Guest OS to re-initialize the hardware map). This distinction is a key exam point: compute resources are elastic in both directions (with reboot), but storage capacity in FusionCompute is strictly "expand-only" to protect user data.

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In the HCIA–Cloud Computing virtualization domain, the hypervisor is the core software layer responsible for abstracting and managing physical compute resources and enabling multiple virtual machines to run on a single physical host.

A hypervisor is also commonly referred to as a Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM). The VMM directly manages CPU scheduling, memory allocation, and virtual device access for guest operating systems.

The other options are not equivalent to a hypervisor:

VRM (Virtual Resource Management) refers to centralized management components used in platforms like FusionCompute.

VNM (Virtual Network Management) relates to virtual networking control.

VPM (Virtual Power or Performance Management) is not a hypervisor concept in HCIA materials.

Therefore, the correct answer is VMM.

In the official Huawei HCIA-Cloud Computing documentation, specifically the "FusionAccess Security" module, the system is described as having a multi-layered security architecture. These four access management policies are the primary tools used to control entry into the virtual desktop environment.

MAC address-based control (A)allows administrators to bind specific users or groups to authorized hardware devices. This ensures that even if a password is compromised, the user can only log in from a company-issued terminal.Time-based control (B)functions as a whitelist; it defines a "valid window" (e.g., 08:00 to 18:00) during which desktop access is permitted. Outside of these hours, the system rejects connection attempts, which is critical for managing contractors or ensuring compliance with labor regulations.

IP address-based control (C)is highly flexible, supporting both blacklists (to block known malicious ranges) and whitelists (to allow only local office subnets). Administrators can define these rules for individual IPs or entire CIDR blocks. Finally,Certificate-based control (D)provides the highest level of identity assurance. Unlike the other policies which can be granular, certificate authentication is typically a global system setting in the ITA/HDC configuration. When enabled, every client must present a valid digital certificate issued by a trusted Certificate Authority (CA) before they are even prompted for a username and password.

By combining these policies, Huawei FusionAccess creates a "Zero Trust" style environment where access is granted based on the user's identity, their physical device, their location (IP), and the time of day. Understanding how to configure these policies in theITA (IT Adapter)portal is a key requirement for the HCIA-Cloud Computing certification and essential for maintaining a secure enterprise desktop cloud.

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According to the Huawei HCIA-Cloud Computing curriculum, specifically the "FusionAccess Planning and Deployment" section, the statement is TRUE. When an enterprise scales its desktop cloud across multiple regions or deploys separate FusionAccess environments (each with its own ITA/HDC/DB set), there is often a requirement to share a single license pool to optimize costs and management.

In a standard small-scale deployment, the License component is typically co-deployed with theITA (IT Adapter). However, if multiple independent FusionAccess systems (different clusters or management sets) need to draw from the same license file, the License component must be "de-coupled" from any specific ITA anddeployed independentlyas a standalone service. This standalone License Server acts as a centralized repository that tracks the total number of permitted desktop users or VMs. Each FusionAccess system is then configured to point to this central server's IP address.

This independent deployment model ensures that license seats are not "trapped" in one specific system. For example, if System A has 500 licenses but only 200 active users, and System B is at its limit, a centralized license server allows System B to utilize the excess capacity. This flexibility is a core architectural principle in Huawei’s large-scale VDI solutions. During deployment planning, administrators must decide whether to use a local license (co-deployed) or a centralized license (independent). For multi-system environments, the independent deployment is the official Huawei recommendation to ensure proper license reconciliation and to prevent "over-use" or "under-use" of purchased ICT assets across the enterprise.

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When creating a Windows template in FusionAccess, the Template Tool must be mounted and installed inside the VM.

According to HCIA documentation:

The template tool installs necessary drivers, services, and agents required for desktop provisioning, management, and optimization.

Without mounting and installing the template tool, the VM cannot be converted into a usable desktop template.

Other operations such as configuration and conversion are subsequent steps, but mounting the template tool is mandatory.

Therefore, the correct answer is A.

In OpenStack:

Swiftprovidesobject storage, designed for storing unstructured data such as images, videos, and backups.

Cinderprovidesblock storage, which is used by virtual machines as virtual disks.

Since Swift doesnotprovide block storage, the statement isFALSE.

Distributed storage is a core concept in cloud computing and is emphasized in HCIA–Cloud Computing as a foundational technology for large-scale cloud platforms.

OptionAis true. Distributed storage is designed forhorizontal scalability, allowing storage capacity and performance to increase simply by adding more nodes.

OptionBis true. Unlike traditional centralized storage systems, distributed storage typically runs ongeneral-purpose x86 servers, reducing cost and improving flexibility.

OptionCis false. Distributed storagedoes not rely on traditional RAIDfor data protection. Instead, it usesdata replication or erasure coding, which are more suitable for large-scale distributed environments.

OptionDis true. Distributed storage eliminates the need for dedicated controller enclosures or disk enclosures. Storage resources are directly provided bygeneral-purpose servers, which aligns with cloud-native architecture principles described in HCIA materials.

According to the "Network Technology Basics" chapter of the Huawei HCIA-Cloud Computing training materials, the statement provided is FALSE. The fundamental rule for IPv4 subnet masks is that binary 1s represent the network portion (network ID), while binary 0s represent the host portion (host ID). A subnet mask is a 32-bit value that is used in conjunction with an IP address to determine which segment of the address identifies the network and which segment identifies the specific device or host on that network.

This identification process is performed using a bitwise AND operation. When a computer or router compares an IP address to its subnet mask, the bits that align with the "1s" in the mask are preserved to reveal the network address, while the bits that align with the "0s" are ignored for routing purposes but used to identify the individual host. For example, in a standard Class C subnet mask (255.255.255.0), the first 24 bits are all set to 1. This indicates that the first three octets of the IP address are the network prefix. The remaining 8 bits are set to 0, providing a range for up to 254 usable host addresses.

Understanding this distinction is critical for cloud administrators when planning Virtual Private Clouds (VPC) and subnets within Huawei's cloud infrastructure. If the roles of 1s and 0s were reversed, as suggested in the question, the logic of IP routing and address allocation would fail. The official curriculum emphasizes that the subnet mask must consist of a contiguous block of 1s followed by a block of 0s. The length of the 1s (the prefix length) directly dictates how many subnets can be created and how many hosts each subnet can accommodate.

In FusionCompute virtual networking, VMs in thesame network segment and same port groupshould be able to communicate normally.

OptionAis a possible cause. Host-based or VM-based firewalls may block traffic between virtual machines.

OptionCis also a possible cause.Security groupscan apply access control rules that isolate VMs, even within the same subnet.

OptionDis a possible cause. Faulty virtual NICs or driver issues can prevent network communication.

OptionBisnota possible cause. If both VM NICs are connected to thesame port group, they should be able to communicate, assuming no other restrictions exist.

Therefore, the correct answer isB.

FusionCompute uses aunified storage abstraction model. Regardless of whether the backend storage is SAN, NAS, local disks, or distributed storage, FusionComputeencapsulates storage resources into datastores.

This abstraction simplifies management and allows virtual machines to consume storage in a standardized manner. While statements A, B, and C describe correct individual concepts,D best represents the core architectural principleemphasized in HCIA documentation.

Therefore, the correct answer isD.

The HCIA–Cloud Computing syllabus explains that routers are responsible forinter-network communicationand packet forwarding based onIP addresses. In the TCP/IP reference model, this function corresponds to theNetwork layer.

Routers analyze the destination IP address of a packet and use routing tables and routing protocols to determine thebest pathfor forwarding the packet to its destination. This behavior is distinct from switches, which forward frames based on MAC addresses at the data link layer.

TheData link layer (A)is associated with switches, theTransport layer (D)handles end-to-end communication (such as TCP and UDP), and theApplication layer (C)provides services to applications.

Therefore, according to HCIA–Cloud Computing network fundamentals, the correct answer isNetwork layer.

In AD,OUsanduser groupsare both used for organizing and managing resources, but they differ in function.

Ais true. Both OUs and user groups areAD objects.

Bis true. An OU can contain multiple types of AD objects, includingusers, computers, printers, and shared resources.

Cis false.Group policies cannot be directly applied to user groups; they are applied to domains, sites, or OUs.

Dis false. A user group can containusers, computers, and even other groups, not only user accounts.

Thus, the correct answers areA and B.

In the FusionAccess architecture, the successful startup and availability of a virtual desktop depend on a process known as "VM Registration." According to the Huawei HCIA-Cloud Computing curriculum, the component responsible for receiving and processing these registration requests is the HDC (Huawei Desktop Controller).

The process works as follows: Each virtual desktop VM has a resident software agent called theHDA (Huawei Desktop Agent). When the VM boots up and the network is initialized, the HDA sends a registration request over the internal management network. This request contains the VM's status, its IP address, and its unique identifier. TheHDCacts as the central "command and control" center of the desktop cloud. It listens for these requests, verifies the VM's credentials against the system database (GaussDB), and updates the VM's status to "Ready" or "In Use."

The HDC is the core logical component that manages the relationship between users and their virtual desktops. If the HDC does not receive the registration request—perhaps due to a network issue or a failure of the HDA service on the VM—the desktop will appear as "Unregistered" or "Offline" in the management portal, and users will be unable to log in through the Web Interface (WI). While theITA (IT Adapter)is used by administrators totriggerthe provisioning of the VM, it does not handle the real-time registration traffic of individual VMs. Similarly, the HDA is thesenderof the request, not the receiver. Understanding the HDC's role as the registration authority is a fundamental requirement for troubleshooting connection issues and mastering the FusionAccess component interactions taught in the HCIA certification.

As detailed in the Huawei FusionAccess documentation for the HCIA curriculum, the Huawei Desktop Protocol (HDP) is designed to optimize the user experience in Virtual Desktop Infrastructure (VDI). Statement A is correct: HDP features "Intelligent identification of video data."8 The protocol can automatically distinguish between standard GDI (Graphics Device Interface) desktop elements and active video streams.9 When video is detected, HDP switches to specialized compression algorithms (such as H.264 or H.265) to ensure efficient encoding and reduced bandwidth consumption.

Statement B is also a verified function. HDP employsDynamic Frame Rate Adjustment.10By monitoring the network quality (latency and packet loss) in real-time, the protocol can adjust the frame rate (e.g., from 60fps down to 30fps or lower) to maintain a smooth, jitter-free playback experience even on unstable or low-bandwidth links. Statement C is true as HDP supports multiple rendering modes. In "Multimedia Redirection," the video stream is decoded on theclientside (using local hardware acceleration), while in other modes, decoding occurs on theserver(VM) with the resulting images sent to the client. This dual-support flexibility ensures compatibility across various terminal types.

Statement D isincorrectbecause of the "maximum of 2K videos" limitation. According to the official HCIA-Cloud Computing V5.5 and FusionAccess technical guides, HDP@Media technology (multimedia redirection) explicitly supports4K UHDvideo playback, not just a maximum of 2K. While D correctly mentions "automatic reconnection" and "dynamic traffic adjustment," the resolution limit is technically outdated for the current Huawei cloud ecosystem. Thus, for the purposes of the HCIA certification, only A, B, and C are fully accurate representations of HDP's high-fidelity audiovisual capabilities.

According to the Huawei HCIA-Cloud Computing curriculum and the FusionAccess Maintenance Guide, the statement is FALSE. While it is a recommended best practice to restart infrastructure virtual machines (VMs) approximately once every quarter to clear system cache, refresh memory resources, and ensure long-term stability, the method of execution described in the statement is incorrect and dangerous for production environments.

Infrastructure VMs in FusionAccess—such as theWI (Web Interface),HDC (Huawei Desktop Controller),ITA (IT Adapter), andGaussDB (Database)—are the "brains" of the desktop solution. Most of these components are deployed in active/standby or load-balancing pairs to ensure High Availability (HA). If an administrator were to run the reboot command on all Linux infrastructure VMs "at the same time," it would cause a complete service interruption. During this period, users would be unable to log in to their desktops, the management portal would be inaccessible, and active desktop sessions might lose their connection persistence.

The official Huawei documentation mandates astaggered restartapproach. For example, if there are two WI nodes, the administrator should restart the first node, verify it has returned to service, and only then proceed to restart the second node. This ensures that the "Service Plane" remains active at all times. Additionally, restarts should always be performed during off-peak hours to minimize the impact of the brief transition period between active and standby nodes. Therefore, while the frequency (quarterly) is correct, the instruction to restart them all simultaneously contradicts the fundamental principles of high-availability management within the Huawei ICT framework.

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Step

Operation

Step 1

Update template.

Step 2

Delete user.

Step 3

Remove VM from domain.

Step 4

Reset built-in password of administrator.

Step 5

Configure template.

Step 6

Convert VM into template.

Step

Operation

Technical Rationale

Step 1

Update template

Power on the VM to install the latest OS patches and software updates.

Step 2

Delete user

Remove user profiles and personal data to ensure the master image is clean.

Step 3

Remove VM from domain

Disjoin the VM from the AD domain to prevent Security Identifier (SID) or account name conflicts on new clones.

Step 4

Reset built-in administrator password

Set a secure, standardized baseline credential for the local administrator account.

Step 5

Configure template

Run theHuawei Desktop Preparation Toolto optimize the OS and encapsulate the system.

Step 6

Convert VM into template

Use the management console to officially mark the VM as a read-only template resource.

 Initialization (Steps 1-4):Before a VM can be turned into a "Golden Image," it must be stripped of its unique identity. This includes removing it from anyActive Directory (AD)domain and clearing out specific user accounts. Failing to remove the VM from the domain can lead to "duplicate computer name" errors when new desktops are provisioned from the final template.

 System Encapsulation (Step 5):The "Configure template" phase is often synonymous withSysprepor the Huawei-specific encapsulation process. This step resets the OS clock and generalizations, such as the hardware-dependent drivers, so the image can boot correctly on any host in the cluster.

 Finalization (Step 6):Once converted into a template, the VM is no longer a running instance. It becomes a master file that theITA (IT Adapter)uses for rapid service provisioning.

According to the official Huawei HCIA-Cloud Computing documentation, converting a provisioned full-copy virtual machine (VM) back into a template is a specific administrative workflow used for updating "Golden Images" without starting from a bare VM. The process must follow a logical sequence to ensure that the final template is clean, generalized, and compatible with the FusionAccess management plane.

The workflow begins withStep 1: Update template, which involves powering on the VM to install necessary software patches, security updates, or new applications. Once updated,Step 2: Delete useris performed to remove any cached user profiles, temporary files, or local user data that should not exist in the master image.Step 3: Remove VM from domainis a critical step to ensure that the VM is no longer associated with a specific Active Directory security identifier (SID) or domain account, preventing SID conflicts when the template is later used to provision multiple new desktops.

Following the domain disjunction,Step 4: Reset built-in password of administratoris required to ensure the FusionAccess system can maintain management access via a known, local credential during the subsequent automation phases.Step 5: Configure templateinvolves running theHuawei Desktop Preparation Tool. This tool performs system encapsulation (similar to Sysprep), optimizes the OS for VDI usage, and prepares the Huawei Desktop Agent (HDA). Finally,Step 6: Convert VM into templateis the final action performed in the FusionCompute or FusionAccess management console. This marks the VM as a read-only template resource, ready to be used by the ITA (IT Adapter) for rapid service provisioning.

In Linux-based virtualization environments, aTAP deviceis a software-based virtual network interface that operates atLayer 2of the OSI model.

TAP devices are independently maintained by the Linux kernel and are commonly used to connect virtual machines to virtual switches or bridges. They simulate physical Ethernet interfaces, allowing VMs to send and receive Ethernet frames.

This definition aligns with HCIA–Cloud Computing networking fundamentals, so the statement isTRUE.

During quick provisioning in FusionAccess:

Administrators mustselect a VM template.

AVM groupmust be specified for management purposes.

Thenumber of VMsto be provisioned must be entered.

However,desktop group selectionis not required at the VM creation stage. Desktop groups are associatedlater during desktop assignment, not during VM creation.

Therefore, the correct answer isC.

In the "Virtualization Basics" section of the Huawei HCIA-Cloud Computing training material, the taxonomy of virtualization components is strictly defined. Statement C is FALSE because the virtualization software layer is technically called the Hypervisor or Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM), not the "Host OS." While a "Host OS" exists in Type-2 (hosted) virtualization (where the hypervisor runs as an application on top of an existing OS like Windows or Linux), the software layer that actually performs the resource abstraction and logical partitioning is the Hypervisor itself.

The other definitions are central to Huawei's technical documentation. AGuest OS(Statement A) is indeed the operating system—such as Windows Server or Ubuntu—that is installed inside a Virtual Machine. It is "unaware" that it is running on virtual hardware. TheHost Machine(Statement B) refers to the underlying physical server (e.g., a Huawei FusionServer Pro) that provides the actual CPU, RAM, and physical NICs. Finally, aGuest Machine(Statement D) is a synonym for a Virtual Machine (VM), representing the logical container that houses the Guest OS and applications.

In a Type-1 virtualization architecture (like HuaweiFusionCompute), the Hypervisor (CNA) sits directly on the hardware. In this scenario, there is no "Host OS" at all, further proving why statement C is incorrect. The Hypervisor is responsible for trapping "privileged instructions" from the Guest OS and translating them into actions on the physical hardware. Correctly identifying these roles—Host Machine, Hypervisor, and Guest VM—is a prerequisite for understanding more advanced cloud features like Resource Clusters and Distributed Resource Scheduling (DRS).

FusionAccess supports different desktop pool types, each with specific provisioning rules:

Static Pool supports both linked clone and full copy desktops → A is true.

Quick provisioning allows flexible desktop assignment strategies → B is true.

VM grouping is finalized during desktop assignment → C is true.

Dynamic Pool typically supports linked clone desktops only, because desktops are created and destroyed dynamically.

Therefore, statement D is false.

According to the Huawei HCIA-Cloud Computing curriculum regarding Open Source Virtualization, statement D is FALSE. Libvirt is famously an open-source toolkit and API, licensed under the LGPL. It was specifically designed to provide a stable, long-term abstraction layer for managing different virtualization technologies. It is not a proprietary or "closed-source" product. In fact, its open nature is what allowed it to become the industry standard for managing Linux-based hypervisors.

The other statements accurately describe Libvirt's role in a cloud environment. As noted in statement A, Libvirt is "hypervisor-agnostic," meaning it can manage multiple types of virtualization, including KVM, Xen, QEMU, and even LXC containers. This allows management tools to use a single set of commands regardless of the underlying technology. Statement B is correct because Libvirt provides bindings for numerous programming languages, such as Python, C, and Java, enabling developers to automate VM lifecycle management (start, stop, migrate, snapshot) directly through code. Statement C is also true; Libvirt is essentially a collection of library functions and a daemon (libvirtd) that higher-level management platforms, such as Huawei'sFusionComputeor the open-sourceOpenStack, invoke to communicate with the hardware.

In Huawei's virtualization architecture, Libvirt acts as a crucial middle layer. By using the virsh command-line tool (which is part of the Libvirt package), administrators can perform complex VM operations without needing to understand the specific, low-level command syntax of each different hypervisor. Understanding that Libvirt is open-source and provides this universal management interface is a key learning point for the HCIA exam.

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In the HCIA–Cloud Computing syllabus, Linux command-line operations are part of theOperating System Basicsdomain. Viewing file contents is one of the most common Linux administration tasks.

Theless (A)command is used to view file contents page by page. It supports forward and backward scrolling and searching, making it suitable for viewing large files. HCIA materials often recommend less as a preferred file-viewing tool.

Themore (B)command is an earlier paging command that displays file contents one screen at a time. Although it has fewer features than less, it is still a valid file-viewing command.

Thecat (D)command is used to display the entire content of a file directly to standard output. It is commonly used for viewing small files or concatenating files.

Thevim (C)command is primarily atext editor, not a file-viewing command. While it can open and display files, its main purpose is editing rather than viewing, which is how HCIA differentiates it.

Therefore, the correct answers areA, B, and D.

FusionAccess defines clear behaviors for desktop service adjustment:

Bis true. After reassignment, the systemautomatically starts the desktop, and a short wait time is required before user login.

Dis true. When a desktop assigned to a single user is unassigned, the systemautomatically shuts it downto save resources.

Ais false. Desktops assigned to multiple users or desktop groupscan be reassignedafter being unassigned.

Cis false. After unassignment, a desktop can beassigned to a different user, not only the original one.

Thus, the correct answers areB and D.

According to the Huawei HCIA-Cloud Computing training materials, the statement is TRUE. TAP (Network TAP) is a virtual network kernel device that is part of the standard Linux kernel networking stack.2 It is "independently maintained" because it is a native Linux feature, not a proprietary tool built solely for a specific hypervisor like KVM or Xen. TAP devices operate at the Data Link Layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model, meaning they handle Ethernet frames.3

In a cloud computing environment, TAP devices are fundamental for bridging the gap between virtual machines and the physical network. When a Virtual Machine is created, the hypervisor (CNA in Huawei's case) creates a TAP device on the host. One end of this TAP device is "plugged" into the virtual machine's NIC, while the other end is connected to a virtual switch (like the DVS or Linux Bridge). This allows the VM to send and receive Ethernet frames as if it were connected to a physical switch port.

Linux maintains TAP alongside its counterpartTUN(which operates at Layer 3/Network Layer).4Because TAP carries full Ethernet headers, it is the preferred device for virtual switches, as it allows for features like VLAN tagging and MAC address learning. Huawei’s virtualization technology leverages these standard Linux kernel features to provide a high-performance, stable networking environment. Understanding that TAP is a standard, independent Linux kernel component is vital for candidates, as it explains how open-source foundations are used to build enterprise-grade cloud platforms like FusionCompute.

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