D-VPX-DY-A-24 Dell VPLEX Deploy Achievement Questions and Answers

Upgrading a VPLEX from VS2 to VS6 hardware involves several critical requirements to ensure a successful and non-disruptive process:

GeoSynchrony Version: The system must be running at least GeoSynchrony 6.0. This is the software that orchestrates operations across the VPLEX infrastructure and ensures compatibility between different hardware generations1.

Code Level Consistency: Both the VS2 and VS6 platforms must be operating at the same software code level. This uniformity is crucial to prevent any incompatibility issues during the upgrade process1.

Engine Count: The number of engines in the existing VS2 setup must match the number of engines in the VS6 configuration. This alignment is necessary to maintain performance and capacity expectations post-upgrade1.

WWN Zoning: Proper WWN (World Wide Name) zoning must be in place. WWN zoning is a method of isolating network traffic to ensure that devices within a Fibre Channel network can only communicate with each other if they are in the same zone1.

Upgrade Process: The upgrade process typically involves replacing the VS2 hardware with VS6 components. This hardware swap should be done in a manner that does not disrupt the ongoing operations and services1.

Post-Upgrade Verification: After the hardware upgrade, it’s essential to verify that all systems are functioning correctly. This includes checking the status of the front-end and back-end ports, as well as the health of the virtual volumes1.

Documentation and Support: Detailed procedures for the upgrade process can be found in the SolVe Desktop Procedure Generator, which provides step-by-step instructions for upgrading cluster hardware from VS2 to VS61.

In summary, the requirements for upgrading a VPLEX from VS2 to VS6 include running GeoSynchrony 6.0 or higher, ensuring both platforms are at the same code level, matching the number of engines, and having proper WWN zoning in place.

In a VPLEX VS2 dual engine setup, each engine is fixed at 72GB of cache, with 36GB per director. Since a dual engine setup contains two engines, the total available cache would be:

72\ GB\ (per\ engine) \times 2\ (engines) = 144\ GB72 GB (per engine)×2 (engines)=144 GB

However, as each engine contains two directors, and each director has 36GB of cache, the total cache available in a dual engine setup would be:

36\ GB\ (per\ director) \times 4\ (directors) = 144\ GB36 GB (per director)×4 (directors)=144 GB

Therefore, the total cache available in a VPLEX VS2 dual engine setup is 144 GB1.

After a WAN outage, to verify management connectivity between MMCS-A on Cluster-1 and MMCS-A on Cluster-2, the storage administrator should use the vpn status command. This command checks the status of the VPN tunnels that facilitate secure communication between the management servers and the Cluster Witness Server.

Command Execution: The administrator should execute the vpn status command in the VPLEX CLI. This command will provide information about the state of the VPN tunnels1.

Interpreting Results: The output from the vpn status command will indicate whether the IPsec VPN tunnels are up and if the remote management servers are reachable. It will show the status of connectivity with both the management servers and the Cluster Witness Server1.

VPN Tunnel Status: The command will show the status of the VPN tunnel between the management servers, which is crucial for the clusters to communicate and operate as a metro system1.

Cluster Witness Server Connectivity: Additionally, the command will verify the VPN status between the management server and the Cluster Witness Server, ensuring that the witness can monitor the health and status of the clusters1.

Troubleshooting: If the vpn status command indicates that the remote management IP is not reachable, further troubleshooting will be required to establish connectivity. This may involve checking network configurations, firewall settings, and ensuring that the VPN services are running properly1.

In summary, the vpn status command is used to determine if the remote management IP is reachable, providing a quick and effective way to verify management connectivity between VPLEX clusters after a WAN outage.

When LUNs belonging to an ESXi cluster are encapsulated behind VPLEX, the ESXi administrator needs to be provided with the Virtual Volume Page Data (VPD) of the virtual volumes. The VPD contains metadata about the virtual volumes that allows the ESXi host to properly identify and interact with them.

Encapsulation Process: During the encapsulation process, the physical LUNs are virtualized and presented as virtual volumes through VPLEX. This process involves the VPLEX claiming the LUNs and presenting them to the ESXi hosts as new devices1.

Re-discovery of Datastore and RDM LUNs: After encapsulation, the ESXi administrator must perform a rescan of the storage adapters to discover the new virtual volumes. The VPD of the virtual volumes, which includes information such as the device identifiers and characteristics, is crucial for the ESXi host to recognize and mount the datastores and RDM LUNs2.

Importance of VPD: The VPD is essential because it provides the ESXi host with the necessary information to differentiate between the virtual volumes and other storage devices. Without the VPD, the ESXi host may not be able to properly identify the encapsulated LUNs, leading to issues with datastore accessibility1.

Best Practices: It is recommended to follow the best practices and required configurations for a vSphere Metro Storage Cluster using EMC VPLEX Storage array as outlined in VMware KB articles and Dell support documents. This ensures a smooth encapsulation process and proper functioning of the ESXi hosts with the VPLEX storage volumes1.

In summary, sharing the Virtual Volume VPD with the ESXi administrator is a critical step in ensuring that the ESXi cluster can successfully re-discover the datastore and the RDM LUNs after they have been encapsulated behind VPLEX.

The VPLEX Cluster Witness communicates with each cluster using a VPN Tunnel over IP to the management servers. This method is used to provide the health check heartbeats required for monitoring the status of the clusters.

VPN Tunnel Creation: Initially, a VPN tunnel is established between the VPLEX Cluster Witness and each VPLEX cluster’s management server. This secure tunnel ensures that the communication for health checks is protected1.

Health Check Heartbeats: Through the VPN tunnel, the VPLEX Cluster Witness sends periodic health check heartbeats to each management server. These heartbeats are used to monitor the operational status of the clusters1.

Monitoring Cluster Health: The health check heartbeats are essential for the VPLEX Cluster Witness to determine the health of each cluster. If a heartbeat is missed, it may indicate a potential issue with the cluster1.

Failover Decisions: Based on the health check heartbeats, the VPLEX Cluster Witness can make informed decisions about failover actions if one of the clusters becomes unresponsive or encounters a failure1.

Configuration and Management: The configuration and management of the VPN tunnels and the health check mechanism are typically done through the VPLEX management console or CLI, following the best practices outlined in the Dell VPLEX Deploy Achievement documents1.

In summary, the VPLEX Cluster Witness uses a VPN Tunnel over IP to communicate with each cluster’s management server, providing the necessary health check heartbeats for continuous monitoring and ensuring high availability of the VPLEX system.

To identify the port indicated by the black arrow, we can refer to the standard VPLEX director port WWN breakdown provided by Dell:

Director Identification: Determine whether the director is A or B. Director B’s WWN is always +1 of Director A’s number1.

Port Numbering: VPLEX director port WWNs are broken down as follows: 0x5001442 [num][seed][IOmodule][port number], where the [port number] is one of {0,1,2,3}1.

Front-End Ports: For VS2 hardware, the front-end ports are typically numbered 0, and the back-end ports are numbered 11.

Exhibit Analysis: If the exhibit shows the standard layout of a VPLEX system and the black arrow points to the first port on Director B, it would be the front-end port 01.

Verification: To confirm the identification, one would typically refer to the official Dell EMC VPLEX documentation for hardware installation and setup, which would provide clear labeling of each port1.

In summary, based on the standard VPLEX port numbering and layout, the port indicated by the black arrow in the exhibit is likely Director B - front-end port 0, assuming that the exhibit follows the standard orientation and labeling conventions.

Context: The Dell VPLEX system allows for the expansion of virtual volumes to accommodate growing data storage needs without disrupting ongoing operations.

Initialization Process: When expanding storage volumes, the system undergoes initialization processes to integrate the new storage capacity effectively.

Concurrent Processes Limit: For virtual volumes built on RAID-1 or distributed RAID-1 devices, the maximum number of initialization processes that can run concurrently per cluster is 1000. This limit ensures optimal performance and resource management within the cluster.

Implications: If the limit of 1000 concurrent processes is reached, no new storage volume expansions can be initiated until some of the ongoing initialization processes are completed.

References:

Dell EMC Metro Node Administrator Guide

One of the key benefits of VPLEX continuous availability is the elimination of complex failover procedures. VPLEX provides a unique implementation of distributed cache coherency, which allows the same data to be read/write accessible across two storage systems at the same time. This ensures uptime for business-critical applications and enables seamless data mobility across host arrays without host disruption1.

Continuous Application Availability: VPLEX maximizes the returns on investments in infrastructure by providing continuous availability to workloads, ensuring that applications remain up and running even in the face of disasters1.

Operational Agility: VPLEX offers operational agility to match the infrastructure to changing business needs, allowing for rapid response to business and technology changes while maximizing asset utilization across active-active data centers1.

Seamless Workload Mobility: The seamless workload mobility feature of VPLEX creates a flexible storage architecture that makes data and workload mobility effortless, contributing to the overall operational efficiency2.

Non-Disruptive Technology Refresh: VPLEX supports non-disruptive technology refresh, enabling data center modernization efforts through online technology refresh without impacting business operations2.

Active-Active Data Centers: VPLEX Metro allows applications to simultaneously read/write on both sites, increasing resource utilization and providing a true Recovery Time Objective (RTO) and Recovery Point Objective (RPO) of zero2.

In summary, the elimination of complex failover is a key benefit of VPLEX continuous availability, providing businesses with the assurance that their critical applications will continue to operate smoothly even during disruptions.

During the VPLEX installation, metadata volumes play a critical role in the system’s operation. Here’s how the four 78 GB metadata volumes are utilized:

Meta-Volume Configuration: Two of the metadata volumes are mirrored to create the active meta-volume. This mirroring provides redundancy, ensuring that metadata, which is essential for the operation of VPLEX, is protected against single points of failure1.

Backup Meta-Volumes: The other two metadata volumes are used as backups for the meta-volume. They are used in an alternating fashion, which means that they can be rotated to maintain a fresh and consistent backup of the meta-volume1.

Importance of Metadata: The metadata in VPLEX contains information about the virtual volumes, mappings, and other configuration details that are crucial for the system’s virtualization capabilities1.

System Resilience: By having mirrored meta-volumes and alternating backup volumes, VPLEX ensures high availability and resilience, which is critical for maintaining continuous operations and data integrity1.

Operational Continuity: In the event of a failure or corruption of the active meta-volume, VPLEX can quickly switch to one of the backup volumes, minimizing downtime and maintaining operational continuity1.

In summary, the four 78 GB metadata volumes assigned to the VPLEX back-end ports during installation are used to create a mirrored meta-volume and provide alternating backups, ensuring system resilience and data integrity.

To configure EMC Secure Remote Services (ESRS) for VPLEX, certain key pieces of information are required:

ESRS Gateway Account: An account on the ESRS Gateway is necessary to enable secure communication between the VPLEX system and EMC’s support infrastructure1.

Site ID: The Site ID uniquely identifies the location of the VPLEX system and is used by EMC support to track and manage service requests1.

VPLEX Configuration: Details of the VPLEX configuration, including the number of engines, clusters, and connectivity options, are required to properly set up ESRS monitoring1.

Top Level Assembly: The Top Level Assembly number is a unique identifier for the VPLEX system that helps EMC support to quickly access system details and configuration1.

These details are essential for setting up ESRS, which allows for proactive monitoring and remote support capabilities for the VPLEX system. The ESRS configuration ensures that EMC can provide timely and effective support services.

For a database administrator who needs access to diagnostic files from the VPLEX system but does not have shell access, the recommended method is to use Secure Copy Protocol (SCP) to copy the files. SCP is a secure file transfer protocol that allows files to be copied over a network.

Access the Management Server: First, the administrator must access the VPLEX management server for the cluster from which they need to collect the logs1.

SSH to the Director: Using SSH, the administrator logs in as root to the director from which the logs need to be collected1.

Navigate to Log Directory: Change the directory to /var/log on the director to access the log files1.

Create a Tarball of Logs: Use the tar command to create a compressed archive (tarball) of the log files1.

Copy the Tarball Using SCP: Use SCP to copy the tarball to the management server’s /tmp directory. The administrator will be prompted for the service account password before the file can be transferred1.

Access the Files: Once the files are on the management server, the database administrator can download them from the /tmp directory using SCP from their workstation1.

This process allows the database administrator to obtain the necessary diagnostic files without having direct shell access to the VPLEX system.

In a VPLEX system, zoning a host initiator to a Director-A port requires identifying the front-end ports, which are used for host connectivity. Based on the standard VPLEX director port configuration:

Director Identification: Determine which unit is Director-A. In a VPLEX system, directors are typically labeled as A or B, and each has a set of front-end and back-end ports1.

Front-End Port Selection: The front-end ports on Director-A are used for connecting to host initiators. These ports are typically numbered starting with 01.

Zoning Process: Zoning involves configuring the SAN fabric to allow communication between the host’s HBA (Host Bus Adapter) and the VPLEX front-end port. This is done using the SAN switch management interface1.

Port Identification in Exhibit: Based on the exhibit provided, if the black arrow points to the first port on Director-A, it would be the front-end port 0, which can be zoned to a host initiator1.

Verification: To confirm the correct port for zoning, one would typically refer to the official Dell EMC VPLEX documentation for hardware installation and setup, which would provide clear labeling of each port1.

In summary, based on the standard VPLEX port configuration, the Director-A port that can be zoned to a host initiator is the front-end port 0, which is indicated by the letter D in the exhibit provided.

In a VPLEX Metro environment without a Cluster Witness, consistency groups (CGs) are used to manage distributed virtual volumes with detach rules that determine the behavior during a cluster failure.

CG1 with Cluster-1 as Winner: For App1, the distributed virtual volumes are added to CG1, which has a detach rule set with cluster-1 as the winner. This means that if cluster-2 fails, I/O for CG1 will continue to be serviced at cluster-1 after it automatically attaches the volumes that were distributed across both clusters1.

CG2 with Cluster-2 as Winner: For App2, the distributed virtual volumes are added to CG2, which has a detach rule set with cluster-2 as the winner. In the event of a cluster-2 failure, I/O for CG2 will be serviced after the volumes are detached from cluster-2, allowing cluster-1 to take over and service the I/O1.

Extended Cluster-2 Failure: If cluster-2 fails for an extended period, the VPLEX Metro will follow the detach rules set for each consistency group. CG1 will have its I/O serviced at cluster-1, and CG2 will also have its I/O serviced at cluster-1 after detaching from the failed cluster-21.

No Cluster Witness: Without a Cluster Witness, the VPLEX Metro relies on the detach rules defined in the consistency groups to determine how to handle I/O in the event of a cluster failure1.

Operational Continuity: The goal is to maintain operational continuity for both applications. By servicing I/O for both CG1 and CG2 at cluster-1, VPLEX ensures that both applications remain operational despite the failure of cluster-21.

In summary, if cluster-2 fails for an extended period in a VPLEX Metro setup without a Cluster Witness, I/O for CG1 will be serviced at cluster-1, and I/O for CG2 will also be serviced at cluster-1 after detaching from cluster-2, as per the detach rules set for each consistency group.

During a VPLEX installation, the front-end ports are enabled after the metadata volumes and backup have been created. This sequence ensures that the system’s metadata, which is crucial for the operation of VPLEX, is secured before the storage is exposed to the hosts.

Metadata Volumes Creation: The first step in the VPLEX installation process involves creating metadata volumes. These volumes store configuration and operational data necessary for VPLEX to manage the virtualized storage environment1.

Metadata Backup: After the metadata volumes are created, it is essential to back up this data. The backup serves as a safeguard against data loss and is a critical step before enabling the front-end ports1.

Enabling Front-End Ports: Once the metadata is secured, the front-end ports can be enabled. These ports are used for host connectivity, allowing hosts to access the virtual volumes presented by VPLEX1.

Exposing Storage to Hosts: With the front-end ports enabled, the storage can then be exposed to the hosts. This step involves presenting the virtual volumes to the hosts through the front-end ports1.

Final Configuration: The final configuration steps may include zoning, LUN masking, and setting up host access to the VPLEX virtual volumes. These steps are completed after the front-end ports are enabled and the storage is exposed1.

In summary, the front-end ports are enabled during a VPLEX installation after the metadata volumes and backup have been created, which is reflected in option D. This ensures that the system metadata is protected and available before the storage is made accessible to the hosts.

To increase data protection by converting a local RAID-0 virtual volume to a distributed virtual volume, the recommended method is to create a corresponding device on the remote cluster and then attach it as a mirror to the existing local device. This process effectively creates a distributed virtual volume that spans across both clusters.

Create a Device on the Remote Cluster: Start by creating a new device on the remote VPLEX cluster. This device should be of the same size as the local RAID-0 virtual volume and should not have a virtual volume associated with it1.

Attach as a Mirror: Once the remote device is created, attach it as a mirror to the local RAID-0 virtual volume. This operation is performed using the VPLEX CLI and will begin the process of mirroring the data from the local device to the remote device1.

Synchronization: After attaching the remote device as a mirror, the VPLEX system will synchronize the data between the local and remote devices. This ensures that both devices have identical data and are in a consistent state1.

Distributed Virtual Volume: Once the synchronization is complete, the local and remote devices together form a distributed virtual volume. This volume now has increased data protection because it is distributed across two different clusters1.

Verification: Verify that the distributed virtual volume is functioning correctly by checking its status and ensuring that it is accessible from both clusters1.

Best Practices: It is important to follow the best practices for creating and managing distributed virtual volumes as outlined in the Dell VPLEX Deploy Achievement documents. This includes proper planning, execution, and verification of the mirroring process1.

In summary, the recommended method to change a local RAID-0 virtual volume to a distributed virtual volume is to create a corresponding device on the remote cluster and attach it as a mirror, thereby forming a distributed virtual volume with increased data protection.