CAMS Certified Anti-Money Laundering Specialist (CAMS7 the 7th edition) Questions and Answers

The use of new technologies to facilitate the onboarding of customers remotely

The prevalence of international wire transfers

Domestic business with small and medium-sized enterprises

The cash-intensive nature of the services offered

The use of digital channels and traceable payment methods

how an organization defines Its risk-based approach.

how an organization determines its key risk and performance indicators.

the level and type of risk the organization is willing to take to meet its objectives

the purpose of an organization's financial crimes compliance program.

Information security, data privacy, and cybersecurity

Foreign exchange control, and precious gemstone and metal dealing

Ombudsman and anti-competition authority

Electronic contract and biological signature acceptance

Consumer protection, financial inclusion, and environmental, social and governance

Ongoing monitoring

Risk assessment

Policies and procedures

Suspicious activity reporting

Customer due diligence

Management structure

Governance framework

Asset structure

Origin of the funds

Send a 314(b) request to the corporation's bank in Hong Kong

Call the receiving individual to review identity verification documents

Confirm that neither the beneficiary nor the originator are sanctioned parties

Request supporting documents, including invoices and contracts to confirm the purpose of the payment

Check for negative news in public sources on the sender and receiver

Providing clear procedures to ensure compliance with local tax regulations

Using trusts to obscure the identity of beneficial owners

Promoting the use of complex corporate structures

Maintaining accurate and updated beneficial ownership details for all customers registered for their services

Establishing shell companies for holding financial assets

impose sanctions lo maintain of restore international peace and security

impose sanctions on countries that lack AML/CFT controls.

conduct research on and analyze the impacts of sanctions to improve the effectiveness of sanctions regimes.

impose sanctions on economic targets to maintain or restore financial stability within a country.

Reputational risk

Operational risk

Sanctions risk

Compliance risk

Lending risk

evidence that the increased residual risk arising from the change is within the bank's risk appetite.

approval by money-laundering reporting officer for the proposal.

how many resources are spent on the less productive lower threshold and the associated costs.

the number of cases that will not be filed and the resources that can be freed up for other tasks.

minutes of meeting held with the regulator where agreement was obtained that the higher threshold was justified.

historical analysis proving that the current scenario generates a disproportionate number of false positives.

protect the rights of the citizens of the state target against their own government and improve financial stability in the region.

indicate that the use of military force is likely unless the state or non-state target complies with the government's

interests encourage non-governmental organizations to increase the provision of humanitarian and charitable aid to the target

alter the behavior of the state or non-state target that threatens the interests of that government or violates international norms

Whether the vendor has documented appropriate internal controls for designing system and data integration schema

Whether the permissions and user access settings for reviewing, investigating, and reporting details of alerts generated by the system are commensurate with those in use at other banks

Whether the monitoring system is adequate with respect to the bank's size, activities, complexity, and risks

Whether the monitoring system can be configured to enable the bank to execute trend analysis of transaction activity and to identify unusual business relationships and transactions

helping to identify high-risk sectors that require enhanced due diligence (EDO),

eliminating the need for sectoral risk assessments within the organization

guiding the allocation of resources for mitigating financial crime risks

requiring all organizations to apply standardized measures

automatically reducing the organization's responsibility for conducting its own risk assessment

using shell companies or trusts for privacy, lax planning, or asset protection.

in the names of unrelated thud patties.

using the proceeds from selling a prior property or liquidating investments to make an all-cash purchase

using legal entities and intermediaries to protect the privacy of the purchasers.

using loans backed by cash or certificates of deposit.

The bank's designated AML compliance officer is likely to face criminal prosecution because the bank received a regulatory order

The bank's designated AML compliance officer and senior management can face civil prosecution but not criminal prosecution for violation of AML laws

The bank's designated AML compliance officer and senior management may face personal liability if they failed to take actions while aware of AML violations at the bank

The bank's designated AML compliance officer is the only individual in the company's senior management team that can face personal liability for violation of AML laws

International cooperation provides actionable information to use against criminals

Those convicted of money laundering offenses are denied access to basic banking services

Money laundering offenses are investigated and criminally prosecuted

Financial intelligence information is collected by authorities and shared with the FATF for further investigation

Supervisors regulate financial institutions and non-bank financial institutions and their risk-based AML/CFT programs

Who made the decision not to file the SAR

Why the officer deemed that the case did not merit filing a SAR

How much money was involved in the case

How the money flowed through the institution

When the unusual activity occurred

Notify the customer of the information-sharing request from the other financial institution and seek their consent before responding

Consult the institution's legal counsel to validate the subpoena, then respond directly to law enforcement while ensuring all documentation is properly recorded

Respond to the FinCEN 314(b) request first, as it allows for voluntary information sharing with partner organizations

Provide the requested records to both law enforcement and the other financial institution immediately to ensure full cooperation and transparency

to force developing nations to adopt liberal or substantive democracies.

to support governments and regimes in the peaceful resolution of conflict.

to punish governments for having weak financial crime controls.

to deter non-democratic and non-constitutional changes within countries.

to support the protection of human rights.

The customer is the object of a civil subpoena.

The customer uses a shipping company dealing with specially designated nationals.

The account shows periodic fixed amount remittances for tuition fees.

The account has transactions that triggered multiple suspicious activity reports.

Review the transaction history of the account to identify patterns, including the frequency, destination, and purpose of the wire transfers

Notify senior management and suggest account closure due to potential risks

Immediately file a suspicious activity report (SAR) based on the employee's report of suspicious behavior

Contact the customer directly to ask for clarification on the reason for the large cash withdrawal

directly contact financial institutions in another country and share information pertinent to the investigation.

directly contact other FlUs in another country and share information pertinent to the investigation.

deputize its law enforcement investigators to assist in a material ongoing investigation in another country

assist law enforcement in another country with a material ongoing investigation.

impose sanctions to maintain or restore international peace and security.

impose sanctions on countries that lack AML/CFT controls.

conduct research on and analyze the impacts of sanctions to improve the effectiveness of sanctions regimes.

impose sanctions on economic targets to maintain or restore financial stability within a country.

A customer changes multiple high-denomination notes to low-denomination notes.

A customer conducts cash transactions using multiple branches of the MSB on the same day.

A customer has a family link to the destination of a money transfer

A customer sends and receives money transfers in equal amounts at or about the same time.

A customer only wants to deal with a particular employee in the MSB.

A low-priced security sees a sudden spike in investor demand with a rising price

A trading customer maintains a portfolio of securities concentrated in one specific emerging market

A firm sees an unexpected increase in demand for electronically traded funds

A security sees a transactional pattern of a steady decrease in both trading volume and prices

E-commerce platforms exploited to move criminal proceeds

Use of stolen bank cards for online purchases

E-commerce platforms susceptible to fraud schemes

E-commerce platforms used as a front for illicit transactions

E-commerce platforms encouraging unregulated peer-to-peer lending

Use of foreign currency to mask criminal proceeds

to force developing nations to adopt liberal or substantive democracies.

to support governments and regimes in the peaceful resolution of conflict.

to punish governments for having weak financial crime controls.

to deter non-democratic and non-constitutional changes within countries.

to support the protection of human rights.

Determining detailed risk profiles for customers based on their activities and relationships

Focusing monitoring primarily on previously flagged customers while using standard controls for others

Choosing and applying effective controls that align with the identified risk levels

Performing a comprehensive risk assessment to identify customer, transaction, and geographic risks

Allocating resources equally across all customer segments to ensure fairness

The head office of a foreign legal entity which has a branch in the US does not need to comply with OFAC rules.

A foreign individual visiting the US for a short vacation is obligated to follow OFAC rules.

Nationals of the US must comply with OFAC rules, regardless of where they are located in the world.

Any foreign corporation is also penalized if it conducts transactions with sanctioned countries under OFAC rules.

A subsidiary of a legal entity of the US, which is formally registered in a foreign country, is exempt from OFAC rules.

clearly define the level of risk exposure to financial crime which a financial institution is willing to take.

help investors understand the risk a financial institution is willing to take.

help customers understand which financial institutions may be willing to bank their business.

eliminate high-risk business types from a financial institution.

FATF Evaluation Committee

Series of internal audits followed by reporting to FATF

Basel Committee

Mutual evaluation

identification of the customer's occupation.

identification and verification of the customer's identity.

identification of the customer's work address.

identification of the beneficial owner.

verification of the customer's credit history.

[verification of the customer's income sources.

The Financial Action Task Force (FATF)

The AUSTRAC Fintel Alliance

The Egmont Group

The Wolfsberg Group

Work with the front-line to understand their strategic growth targets specifically aimed at increasing their market share around military technology and dual-use products

Review the organization's sanction risk assessment to better understand the potential for exposure to Russia and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea

Read and analyze the most recent National Proliferation Financing Risk Assessment produced by the relevant body of the organization's jurisdiction

Undertake a detailed review of all payment-related transactions to any clients identified as defense contractors, paying special attention to the beneficial owners of those clients

Past employment records.

Personal references from close associates.

Personal resume.

Internet and public media searches.

Criminal history searches.

List-based

Secondary

Country-based

Sectoral

Address control of payments in EU countries to reduce money laundering.

Build a network of financial institutions that work together to prevent money laundering across the EU.

Establish a consistent regulatory environment across the EU to prevent money laundering.

Allow member states to discuss the draft legislation with the cooperation of the EU financial intelligence units.

Organizations are required to demonstrate that customers have opted into information sharing before submitting suspicious activity reports to relevant financial intelligence units (FIUs)

Any customer that is the subject of a suspicious report filing has the right to request redaction of their personal data

FIUs should document purposes for which personal data included on suspicious activity reports may be shared with other agencies

Data privacy laws prohibit information sharing between financial institutions for the purposes of AML investigations in all jurisdictions

Assist financial institutions conducting business in jurisdictions with high data privacy standards in working with industries susceptible to money laundering

Advise banks to accept only those clients whose source of funds and beneficial ownership is understood

Establish rules for private bankers on how to deal with politically exposed persons (PEPs) and persons residing in high-risk countries

Require banks to better manage reputational risk and protect the privacy of wealthy clients

The bank is likely to face secondary sanctions from global financial institutions despite addressing many of the previous concerns.

The bank may face civil or criminal penalties if it is unable to demonstrate sustained improvement in addressing the previous concerns.

The bank may face the risk of regulatory orders to remediate its AML program despite addressing many of the previous concerns.

The bank is protected from reputational risk arising from any regulatory action because regulatory orders must remain confidential.

The regulatory agency may require the bank's board of directors to publicly share the actions taken to address the previous concerns in order to limit its reputational risk.

Disseminate analysis of suspicious transaction and suspicious activity reports to foreign judicial systems to enhance their anti-money laundering and terrorist financing investigations and prosecutions

Receive reports of suspicious transactions and suspicious activities from reporting institutions or obliged institutions

Disseminate the analysis of suspicious transaction and suspicious activity reports to local law enforcement agencies and foreign FIUs to combat money laundering

Investigate and where appropriate prosecute all suspicious transaction and suspicious activity reports received from reporting institutions or obliged institutions

Analyze all suspicious transaction and suspicious activity reports received from reporting institutions or obliged institutions

PPPs improve financial crime detection and prevention by sharing intelligence between banks and law enforcement.

PPPs help banks reduce compliance costs by automating information sharing.

PPPs allow banks to manage their own suspicious activity report (SAR) filing process without the need to involve the Financial Intelligence Unit (FIU).

PPPs maximize the efficiency of the bank's compliance program by providing real-time intelligence from law enforcement.

evaluate and monitor compliance with the FATF standards and provide recommendations for improvement.

assist countries in implementing EU, UN, and regional sanctions regimes.

develop and promote international standards to prevent money laundering and terrorist financing.

conduct investigations on countries legislations and laws to prevent them from being used for money laundering and terrorist financing.

ensure that countries follow its laws to maintain financial stability.

The foreign bank must always request approval by its national anti-financial crime authority to share any information cross-border.

The bank should report this to the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) and receive formal guidance before sharing the information.

The bank should consider jurisdictional privacy requirements and its own policies and procedures to determine what information to share.

The information should only be shared on a need-to-know basis.

The residual risk would be eliminated entirely because the controls are sufficient to mitigate all potential risks

The residual risk would be significantly reduced due to the effectiveness of the controls in place

The residual risk would remain high due to the inherent nature of the private banking business

The residual risk would be moderately reduced, but further controls may be necessary to achieve an acceptable level

Forming a trust on behalf of a customer with a complex setup and acting as a nominee director

Auditing a firm that provides payroll software to large corporate customers

Preparing financial statements for a listed or a privately owned firm

Providing tax advice to an international customer hoping to move their assets out of their home country

Assisting an offshore corporation from a jurisdiction with no available beneficial owner information to buy property in the UK

Collect donations from various sources, and their primary objective is philanthropy and social wellbeing

Are usually legitimate establishments and will not use the funds collected through donation for the profit of individuals or entities

Have a global presence that provides a framework for national and international operations and financial transactions that are often in or near areas most exposed to terrorist activity

Enjoy the public trust and have access to considerable sources of funds, and their activities are often cash intensive

Oversight of the Financial Intelligence Units in FATF Member countries

Providing a unique platform for information exchange regarding anti-money laundering efforts

Regulation of financial markets through directives and executive orders

Enhancement of international cooperation to foster anti-money laundering efforts via recommendations and guidance

Reduction in the number of false positives in long term

Complete automation of compliance processes

Elimination of the need for human oversight

Increased flexibility in adapting to changing financial crime risks

Enhanced ability to detect emerging patterns and anomalies

Short position

Reverse flip

Bid-ask spread

Wash trading

Understanding why a customer has selected a particular financial institution for banking

Verifying the identity of a customer with reputable online source documentation

Limiting the online activities of a new customer during the first two months

Understanding the nature and purpose behind a new business opening an account at the bank

mutual legal assistance treaty.

memorandum of understanding.

request for urgent information.

declaration of understanding.

memorandum of agreement.

Regulatory authorities primarily work independently but share information when requested by international law enforcement agencies.

FIUs primarily handle reporting from financial institutions, while regulatory authorities and law enforcement agencies are limited to enforcing domestic AML laws without international cooperation.

Law enforcement agencies and FIUs only cooperate during domestic investigations, leaving cross-border investigations to international organizations like INTERPOL.

Regulatory authorities, law enforcement agencies, and FIUs share intelligence and coordinate efforts to streamline cross-border money laundering investigations, often through formal agreements.

Prioritizing resources towards lower-risk areas to reduce workload

Regularly reassessing risks to adjust resource allocation

Allocating more resources to areas with higher financial crime risk

Providing equal resources to all departments to maintain consistency

Using a fixed resource allocation plan without adjustments

Using predefined rules to flag specific transaction patterns

Randomly flagging transactions for further investigation

Statistical tuning of monitoring scenarios to improve accuracy

Using advanced machine learning models to detect outliers

Setting transaction thresholds for automated alerts

amount of annual fees associated with the jurisdiction.

permissibility of bearer shares.

rules governing the disclosure of beneficial ownership by the jurisdiction.

ease of travel to the jurisdiction.

certain contractors may receive preferential treatment, allowing them opportunities to inflate margins during the tender process

unsuccessful bidders are informed of decisions and provided detailed justifications for awarding the contracts

procurement and contracting processes involve the management of the tender process, which may lack sufficient oversight

bids are solicited and disseminated to a wide audience through advertising and other channels.

Exchange operational information between public authorities and obliged entities

Exchange strategic information between FIUs and obliged entities

Exchange strategic information between financial institutions

Create a common database of key information and share analysis of suspicious activities with FATF

All the financial institutions where the new customer currently banks or banked previously

The type of business the corporate customer is engaged in

The employment profiles and information of all employees of the new customer

The country or location where the customer is from or conducts business

The identity of senior managing officials and all individuals authorized to operate the account

Defining a common communication approach and language between all involved parties.

Delays in the investigation due to a foreign FIU awaiting the results of queries performed by third parties.

Conducting an investigation in all countries through which ML funds were transferred when one or more of the countries do not have an FIU.

Investigations which involve high-ranking politicians, who often have influence over the local FIU.

funds being stolen from other users.

obscuring the source of illicit funds.

layering transactions to hide the origin of funds derived from illicit activity.

difficulty converting into physical currency.

facilitating payment for other illicit activities and goods.

Purpose and intended use

Liquidity

Age of the beneficiary

Customer anonymity or third-party transactions

Length of waiting period

Only commit to action plans that require no new investment to maximize shareholder value

Draft action plans in consultation with the jurisdiction's FIU to remain aligned with other similar companies

Only commit to action plans that can be implemented and closed within the three-month management reporting cycle

Draft action plans to address the root cause of the deficiencies, regardless of how long they will take to fully implement

An external audit highlights several deficiencies

The company is merging with or acquiring another entity

Extensive AML legislation is proposed by a legislative body in the company's jurisdiction

A high-profile money laundering case involving another industry is publicized

Public organizations can belter understand what the private sector experiences and inform policy and the enactment of laws

Data-protection privacy policies provide an opportunity to develop information sharing protocols to prevent unauthorized access to information

Data-protection privacy policies prohibit the evolution of PPPs due to restrictions based on legacy government legislation

Small business owners can choose third-party providers or financial institutions to keep their private data safe which can easily be shared within a PPP

Use of cash to purchase property

Unlicensed real estate agents acting as front companies

Use of a registered trust for the purchase of property

Use of a company for the purchase of property

Manipulation of the value of a property

Reporting entities are prohibited from disclosing to clients or third parties that a suspicious activity report (SAR) has been filed or that an investigation is ongoing

Reporting entities can share general information about suspicious activities internally within the organization without compromising confidentiality

Reporting entities must inform their clients if a suspicious activity report (SAR) has been filed, as part of maintaining transparency in customer relations

Reporting entities are allowed to discuss suspicious activities with clients if it helps clarify a situation before submitting a suspicious activity report

identify and address the current financial crime trends through the issuance of typologies originating in members outside of their FSRB's Jurisdiction.

provide AM L/C FT technical assistance needed by members in their FSRB junsdiction.

coordinate technical assistance for members in their FSRB jurisdiction

set and amend the FATF 40 Recommendations for members in their FSRB jurisdiction.

identify and address any gaps in the AML/CFT policies for members outside of their FSRB jurisdiction.

offer mutual evaluation and follow-up processes for members in their FSRB Jurisdiction.

Training should cover practical examples, use case studies, and provide information on how to comply with policies.

Up-to-date records including logs of training and completion dates should be maintained.

Training should be broad, high level, and not role-specific in order to reach the largest audience.

Training should cover the consequences of not complying with policies and procedures.

Training should always be provided by an independent third party.

Media searches reveal a report that the customer was accused of misconduct three years ago.

The EU bank considers the origin and destination countries Involved in the transactions to be high-risk.

The customer's activity includes multiple cross-border transactions involving various counterparties.

The EU bank received no originator or beneficiary information for the wire transfers.

The customer specializes in the import and export of petrochemical products.

Establishing BSA/AML compliance staff reporting to the management of the business line in the first line of defense

Ensuring BSA/AML compliance staff is primarily outsourced

Providing BSA/AML compliance staff a reporting line to compliance or other second line of defense internal control function

Providing BSA/AML compliance staff with a reporting line to the chief financial officer

When using network analysis data to fight money laundering and financial crime, data protection and privacy can be disregarded because fighting crime takes precedent

Network analysis tools are an efficient means of generating relevant results because they only need a limited amount of data and computation power and artificial intelligence (Al) allows less-skilled people to quickly learn to use these systems

When using artificial intelligence (Al) with network analysis tools, it must be ensured that the algorithms used are not biased towards social criteria, such as race, gender, or religion

Network analysis allows for the identification of individuals or entities in a network by analyzing connections or links between them and can be used to study a wide range of systems, such as social or transportation networks

Analyzing relationships between individuals in a social network allows for the identification of hierarchies, the detection of behaviors and geographical movements, or an understanding of how groups are organized

Investigate the changes of address and change of UBO and in the meantime decline payment and withdrawal instructions from the policy until completion of the investigation and next steps are agreed upon

Request the relationship manager set up a meeting with the policyholder to update their address and submit details of the new UBO in the name of good customer service

Investigate the changes of address and change of UBO and in the meantime freeze the client's policy

File a suspicious transaction report because the insurance company was not made aware of the business' change of UBO

Enterprise-wide risk assessments and the employee handbook for any limitations on sharing commercially sensitive customer data

The risk rating of the customers to avoid sharing data relating to higher risk customers

The organization's AML compliance policies to ensure that customer data can be easily shared internally and internationally

Applicable data privacy laws in relevant jurisdictions and the organization's data security and privacy policies for any limitations

integrates seamlessly with existing systems and processes.

meets budget and cost requirements.

automates all regulatory reporting requirements.

replaces manual compliance training for employees.

red notice

white list

yellow notice

grey list

Periodic and ad hoc cooperation with the legal team to appropriately investigate and monitor the transactions of subjects of subpoenas or government inquiries

Periodic review of client profiles to ensure that the most up-to-date information is on file for high-risk clients in line with the bank's internal policies and procedures

Periodic review of suspicious activity reports (SARs) filed with FinCEN to determine whether any should be withdrawn

Periodic review of the transaction monitoring scenarios and their productivity to ensure that appropriate AML typologies are reflected

Engagement of third-party art advisors as representatives at art auctions

High-quality single pieces of significant value sold on social media platforms

Use of art and antiquity experts to verify an item's authenticity

Paying fair market value or premium prices for valuable art, gems, or precious metals at auction

Use of art storage facilities located in tax-free zones

collaborating with law enforcement agencies, financial institutions, and other stakeholders to detect and prevent Illicit financial activities.

conducting examinations of financial institutions to ensure compliance with anti-money laundering regulations.

engaging in providing financial services, including banking and investment activities, to the public and private sectors

facilitating the exchange of information between the public and private sectors.

enacting legislation regarding the operations of financial institutions.

The EU AMLD and local AML regulations are separate and unrelated legal frameworks.

The EU AMLD and local AML regulations must have identical requirements.

Local AML regulations may impose additional or more stringent requirements than the EU AMLD.

The EU AMLD take precedence over local AML regulations.

Local AML laws and regulations override the requirements of the EU AMLD.

The EU AMLD provide a framework that member countries must implement through local AML regulations.

These businesses are all cash intensive, increasing the risk of financial crime

KYC challenges arise because e-commerce platforms face global customers making customer due diligence complex and resource intensive

These businesses are highly regulated and therefore have no reason to be non-compliant as this would put them at risk of sanctions and fines

Criminals can make use of identify fraud to fulfill KYC processes for layering purposes

The settlement systems of these businesses are not sophisticated enough to cope with the high transaction volume

Customer loyalty program tracking

Product usage analysis

Customer satisfaction surveys

Customer support ticket tracking

Credit risk assessment

product risk.

credit risk.

geographic risk.

customer risk.

liquidity risk.

Engage in the PPP without strict data sharing protocols, allowing for open and unrestricted flow of information between the bank, FIUs, and other financial institutions

Rely solely on the intelligence provided by government agencies through the PPP because they have the most comprehensive data on suspicious activities

Establish a clear framework within the PPP that outlines data privacy protections and ensures that information sharing complies with legal and regulatory requirements in all jurisdictions involved

Prioritize the bank’s internal data sources over external intelligence from PPPs, as internal data is easier to control and does not present data privacy challenges

imposes economic sanctions on jurisdictions with lax AML controls to force them to strengthen their controls.

conducts on-site inspections of financial institutions in jurisdictions with lax AML controls to identify deficiencies and recommend improvements.

publishes annual reports ranking all member jurisdictions based on their self-assessment of AML controls.

conducts a peer review process whereby member countries assess the AML controls of other jurisdictions and provide recommendations for improvement.

A court order requests the bank to disclose the SAR subject to obtaining agreement from the legal team

A customer asks about potential reporting to the local Financial Intelligence Unit (Fill)

An external consultant inquires about the details of the SAR

A third-country police directly inquires about the customer.

A customer engages an attorney to consult on the issuance of the policy.

A customer transfers the policy to another insurance company unaffiliated with the original policy issuer.

Payments are regularly received from third parties that have no apparent relationship with the policy holder.

A customer names an apparently unrelated third party as a beneficiary.

Document the customer's transaction history and keep the investigation confidential until further suspicious activity is detected.

Immediately escalate the case to senior management, recommending the closure of the customer's accounts due to potential reputational risk.

Report the investigation to external auditors and await further guidance before taking any action.

Draft a SAR that includes a detailed chronology of the transactions, customer background and the rationale for suspicion, and submit it to the relevant financial intelligence unit (FIU) within the regulatory timelines.

Adversary governments using sophisticated attacks to threaten critical infrastructure and sectors, including finance, health care and energy

Networks of individuals and entities exploiting financial systems to move funds that will be used to acquire weapons of mass destruction or their components

Transnational criminal organizations expanding their engagement into more varied types of illicit activities, including human trafficking and corruption

Networks of individuals and entities raising funds to further proliferate their ideological goals wholly or in part through unlawful acts of force or violence

dictating what predicate offences must be considered in the Fl's risk assessment.

providing guidance on the types of customers and transactions that pose the highest risk.

defining exactly what policies and procedures must be implemented.

determining the maximum fines that can be imposed for AML violations.