ANS-C01 Amazon AWS Certified Advanced Networking - Specialty Questions and Answers

Questions 4

A company needs to manage Amazon EC2 instances through command line interfaces for Linux hosts and Windows hosts. The EC2 instances are deployed in an environment in which there is no route to the internet. The company must implement role-based access control for management of the instances. The company has a standalone on-premises environment.

Which approach will meet these requirements with the LEAST maintenance overhead?

Options:

Set up an AWS Direct Connect connection between the on-premises environment and the VPC where the instances are deployed. Configure routing, security groups, and ACLs. Connect to the instances by using the Direct Connect connection.

Deploy and configure AWS Systems Manager Agent (SSM Agent) on each instance. Deploy VPC endpoints for Systems Manager Session Manager. Connect to the instances by using Session Manager.

Establish an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection between the on-premises environment and the VPC where the instances are deployed. Configure routing, security groups, and ACLs. Connect to the instances by using the Site-to-Site VPN connection.

Deploy an appliance to the VPC where the instances are deployed. Assign a public IP address to the appliance. Configure security groups and ACLs. Connect to the instances by using the appliance as an intermediary.

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Questions 5

A company has been using an outdated application layer protocol for communication among applications. The company decides not to use this protocol anymore and must migrate allapplications to support a new protocol. The old protocol and the new protocol are TCP-based, but the protocols use different port numbers.

After several months of work, the company has migrated dozens of applications that run on Amazon EC2 instances and in containers. The company believes that all the applications have been migrated, but the company wants to verify this belief. A network engineer needs to verify that no application is still using the old protocol.

Which solution will meet these requirements without causing any downtime?

Options:

Use Amazon Inspector and its Network Reachability rules package. Wait until the analysis has finished running to find out which EC2 instances are still listening to the old port.

Enable Amazon GuardDuty. Use the graphical visualizations to filter for traffic that uses the port of the old protocol. Exclude all internet traffic to filter out occasions when the same port is used as an ephemeral port.

Configure VPC flow logs to be delivered into an Amazon S3 bucket. Use Amazon Athena to query the data and to filter for the port number that is used by the old protocol.

Inspect all security groups that are assigned to the EC2 instances that host the applications. Remove the port of the old protocol if that port is in the list of allowed ports. Verify that the applications are operating properly after the port is removed from the security groups.

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Questions 6

A company's network engineer is configuring an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection between a transit gateway and the company's on-premises network. The Site-to-Site VPN connection is configured to use BGP over two tunnels in active/active mode with equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) routing activated on the transit gateway.

When the network engineer attempts to send traffic from the on-premises network to an Amazon EC2 instance, traffic is sent over the first tunnel. However, return traffic is received over the second tunnel and is dropped at the customer gateway. The network engineer must resolve this issue without reducing the overall VPN bandwidth.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Configure the customer gateway to use AS PATH prepending and local preference to prefer one tunnel over the other.

Configure the Site-to-Site VPN options to set the first tunnel as the primary tunnel to eliminate asymmetric routing.

Configure the virtual tunnel interfaces on the customer gateway to allow asymmetric routing.

Configure the Site-to-Site VPN to use static routing in active/active mode to ensure that traffic flows over a preferred path.

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Questions 7

A company has deployed a web application on AWS. The web application uses an Application Load Balancer (ALB) across multiple Availability Zones. The targets of the ALB are AWS Lambda functions. The web application also uses Amazon CloudWatch metrics for monitoring.

Users report that parts of the web application are not loading properly. A network engineer needs to troubleshoot the problem. The network engineer enables access logging for the ALB.

What should the network engineer do next to determine which errors the ALB is receiving?

Options:

Send the logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Review the ALB logs in CloudWatch Insights to determine which error messages the ALB is receiving.

Configure the Amazon S3 bucket destination. Use Amazon Athena to determine which error messages the ALB is receiving.

Configure the Amazon S3 bucket destination. After Amazon CloudWatch Logs pulls the ALB logs from the S3 bucket automatically, review the logs in CloudWatch Logs to determine whicherror messages the ALB is receiving.

Send the logs to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Use the Amazon Athena CloudWatch Connector to determine which error messages the ALB is receiving.

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Questions 8

A company has developed an application on AWS that will track inventory levels of vending machines and initiate the restocking process automatically. The company plans to integrate this application with vending machines and deploy the vending machines in several markets around the world. The application resides in a VPC in the us-east-1 Region. The application consists of an Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) cluster behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The communication from the vending machines to the application happens over HTTPS.

The company is planning to use an AWS Global Accelerator accelerator and configure static IP addresses of the accelerator in the vending machines for application endpoint access. The application must be accessible only through the accelerator and not through a direct connection over the internet to the ALB endpoint.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Configure the ALB in a private subnet of the VPC. Attach an internet gateway without adding routes in the subnet route tables to point to the internet gateway. Configure the accelerator with endpoint groups that include the ALB endpoint. Configure the ALB’s security group to only allow inbound traffic from the internet on the ALB listener port.

Configure the ALB in a private subnet of the VPC. Configure the accelerator with endpoint groups that include the ALB endpoint. Configure the ALB's security group to only allow inbound traffic from the internet on the ALB listener port.

Configure the ALB in a public subnet of the VPAttach an internet gateway. Add routes in the subnet route tables to point to the internet gateway. Configure the accelerator with endpoint groups that include the ALB endpoint. Configure the ALB's security group to only allow inbound traffic from the accelerator's IP addresses on the ALB listener port.

Configure the ALB in a private subnet of the VPC. Attach an internet gateway. Add routes in thesubnet route tables to point to the internet gateway. Configure the accelerator with endpoint groups that include the ALB endpoint. Configure the ALB's security group to only allow inbound traffic from the accelerator's IP addresses on the ALB listener port.

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Questions 9

A company is deploying AWS Cloud WAN with edge locations in the us-east-1 Region and the ap-southeast-2 Region. Individual AWS Cloud WAN segments are configured for the development environment, the production environment, and the shared services environment at each edge location. Many new VPCs will be deployed for the environments and will be configured as attachments to the AWS Cloud WAN core network.

The company's network team wants to ensure that VPC attachments are configured for the correct segment. The network team will tag the VPC attachments by using the Environment key with a value of the corresponding environment segment name. The segment for the production environment in us-east-1 must require acceptance for attachment requests. AH other attachment requests must not require acceptance.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Create a rule with a number of 100 that requires acceptance for attachments to the production segment. In the rule, set the condition logic to the "or" value. Include conditions that require a tag:Environment value of Production or a Region value of us-east-1. Create a rule with a number of 200 that does not require acceptance to map any tag:Environment values to their respective segments.

Create a rule with a number of 100 that requires acceptance for attachments to the production segment. In the rule, set the condition logic to the "and" value. Include conditions that require a tag:Environment value of Production and a Region value of us-east-1. Create a rule with a number of 200 that does not require acceptance to map any tag:Environment values to their respective segments.

Create a rule with a number of 100 that does not require acceptance to map any tag:Environment values to their respective segments. Create a rule with a number of 200 that requires acceptance for attachments to the production segment. In the rule, set the condition logic to the "and" value. Include conditions that require a tag:Environment value of Production and a Region value of us-east-1.

Create a rule with a number of 100 that does not require acceptance to map any tag:Environment values to their respective segments Create a rule with a number of 200 that requires acceptance for attachments to the production segment. In the rule, set the condition logic to the "or value. Include conditions that require a tag:Environment value of Production or a Region value of us-east-1.

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Questions 10

A company is running an online game on AWS. The game is played globally and is gaining popularity. Users are reporting problems with the game's responsiveness. Replay rates are dropping, and the company is losing subscribers. Game servers are located in the us-west-2 Region and use an Elastic Load Balancer to distribute client traffic.

The company has decided to deploy game servers to 11 additional AWS Regions to reduce the round-trip times of network traffic to game clients. A network engineer must design a DNS solution that uses Amazon Route 53 to ensure that user traffic is delivered to game servers with an optimal response time.

What should the network engineer do to meet these requirements?

Options:

Create Route 53 records for the Elastic Load Balancers in each Region. Specify a weighted routing policy. Calculate the weight by using the number of clients in each Region.

Create Route 53 records for the Elastic Load Balancers in each Region. Specify a latency routing policy. Set the Region to the Region where the Elastic Load Balancer is deployed.\

Create Route 53 records for the Elastic Load Balancers in each Region. Specify a multivalue answer routing policy. Test latency from the game client, and connect to the server with the best response.

Create Route 53 records for the Elastic Load Balancers in each Region. Specify a geolocation routing policy. Set the location to the Region where the Elastic Load Balancer is deployed.

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Questions 11

A company hosts application servers on premises and on Amazon EC2 instances in a VPC. The application servers access data that is hosted in an Amazon S3 bucket through the public internet. The EC2 instances in the VPC use an AWS Site-to-Site VPN for connectivity with the on-premises application servers.

New company regulations state that all traffic between the application servers and the S3 bucket must remain private and must not use public IP addresses.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

Configure an S3 gateway endpoint Modify the route table with the appropriate route for the endpoint. Access the S3 bucket through the gateway endpoint from the EC2 instances.

Configure an S3 interface endpoint. Update the on-premises servers and EC2 instances to use the interface endpoint DNS name to access the S3 bucket.

Configure an S3 interface endpoint. Update the on-premises servers to use the interface endpoint DNS name to access the S3 bucket. Configure an S3 gateway endpoint. Modify the route table so that the EC2 instances use the gateway endpoint.

Configure an S3 gateway endpoint. Modify the route table with the appropriate route for the endpoint. Use an S3 bucket policy to restrict access to the gateway endpoint. Configure a proxy server fleet behind a Network Load Balancer in the VPC so that the on-premises servers can access the S3 bucket.

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Questions 12

A company has an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection between its office and its VPC. Users report occasional failure of the connection to the application that is hosted inside the VPC. A network engineer discovers in the customer gateway logs that the Internet Key Exchange (IKE) session ends when the connection to the application fails.

What should the network engineer do to bring up the IKE session if the IKE session goes down?

Options:

Set the dead peer detection (DPD) timeout action to Clear. Initiate traffic from the VPC to on premises.

Set the dead peer detection (DPD) timeout action to Restart. Initiate traffic from on premises to the VPC.

Set the dead peer detection (DPD) timeout action to None. Initiate traffic from the VPC to on premises.

Set the dead peer detection (DPD) timeout action to Cancel. Initiate traffic from on premises to the VPC.

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Questions 13

A company wants to use an AWS Network Firewall firewall to secure its workloads in the cloud through network traffic inspection. The company must record complete metadata information, such as source/destination IP addresses and protocol type. The company must also record all network traffic flows and any DROP or ALERT actions that the firewall takes for traffic that the firewall processes. The Network Firewall endpoints are placed in the correct subnets, and the VPC route tables direct traffic to the Network Firewall endpoints on the path to and from the internet.

How should a network engineer configure the firewall to meet these requirements?

Options:

Create a firewall policy to ensure that traffic is processed by stateless or stateful rules according to needs. Select Amazon CloudWatch Logs as the destination for the flow logs.

Create a firewall policy to ensure that traffic is processed by stateless or stateful rules according to needs. Configure Network Firewall logging for alert logs and flow logs.

Select a destination for logs separately for stateful and stateless engines.

Create a firewall policy to ensure that a stateful engine processes all the traffic. Configure Network Firewall logging for alert logs and flow logs. Select a destination for alert logs and flow logs.

Create a firewall policy to ensure that a stateful engine processes all the traffic. Configure VPC flow logs for the subnets that the firewall protects. Select a destination for the flow logs.

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Questions 14

An international company wants to implement a multi-site hybrid infrastructure. The company wants to deploy its cloud computing resources on AWS in the us-east-1 Region and in the eu-west-2 Region, and in on-premises data centers in the United States (US) and in the United Kingdom (UK). The data centers are connected to each other by a private WAN connection. IP routing information is exchanged dynamically through BGP. The company wants to have two AWS Direct Connect connections, one each in the US and the UK.

The company expects to have 15 VPCs in each Region with CIDR blocks that do not overlap with each other or with CIDR blocks of the on-premises environment. The VPC CIDR blocks are planned so that the prefix aggregation can be performed both on a Regional level and across the entire AWS environment. The company will deploy a transit gateway in each Region to connect the VPCs. A network engineer plans to use a Direct Connect gateway in each Region. A transit VIF will attach the Direct Connect gateway in each Region to the transit gateway in that Region. The transit gateways will be peered with each other.

The network engineer wants to ensure that traffic follows the shortest geographical path from source to destination. Traffic between the on-premises data centers and AWS must travel across a local Direct Connect connection. Traffic between the US data center and eu-west-2 and traffic between the UK data center and us-east-1 must use the private WAN connection to reach the Direct Connect connection to the appropriate Region when the Direct Connect connection is available. The network must be resilient to failures in either the private WAN connection or with the Direct Connect connections. The network also must reroute traffic automatically in the event of any failure.

How should the network engineer configure the transit VIF associations on the Direct Connect gateways to meet these requirements?

Options:

Advertise only the aggregate route for the company's entire AWS environment.

Advertise VPC-specific CIDR prefixes from only the local Region. Additionally, advertise the aggregate route for the company’s entire AWS environment.

Advertise all the specific VPC CIDR blocks from both Regions.

Advertise both Regional aggregate prefixes. Configure custom BGP communities on the routes advertised toward the data center.

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Questions 15

A network engineer is working on a private DNS design to integrate AWS workloads and on-premises resources. The AWS deployment consists of five VPCs in the eu-west-1 Region that connect to the on-premises network over AWS Direct Connect. The VPCs communicate with each other by using a transit gateway. Each VPC is associated with a private hosted zone that uses the aws.example.internal domain. The network engineer creates an Amazon Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint in a shared services VPC and attaches the shared services VPC to the transit gateway.

The network engineer is implementing a solution for DNS resolution. Queries for hostnames that end with aws.example.internal must use the private hosted zone. Queries for hostnames that end with all other domains must be forwarded to a private on-premises DNS resolver.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Add a forwarding rule for”””that targets the on-premises server's DNS IP address. Add a system rule for aws.example.internal that targets Route 53 Resolver.

Add a forwarding rule for aws example.internal that targets Route 53 Resolver. Add asystem rule for V that targets the Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint.

Add a forwarding rule for”””that targets the Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint.

Add a forwarding rule for"." that targets the Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint.

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Questions 16

A software-as-a-service (SaaS) provider hosts its solution on Amazon EC2 instances within a VPC in the AWS Cloud. All of the provider's customers also have their environments in the AWS Cloud.

A recent design meeting revealed that the customers have IP address overlap with the provider's AWS deployment. The customers have stated that they will not share their internal IP addresses and that they do not want to connect to the provider's SaaS service over the internet.

Which combination of steps is part of a solution that meets these requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

Deploy the SaaS service endpoint behind a Network Load Balancer.

Configure an endpoint service, and grant the customers permission to create a connection to the endpoint service.

Deploy the SaaS service endpoint behind an Application Load Balancer.

Configure a VPC peering connection to the customer VPCs. Route traffic through NAT gateways.

Deploy an AWS Transit Gateway, and connect the SaaS VPC to it. Share the transit gateway with the customers. Configure routing on the transit gateway.

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Questions 17

A company has an application that runs on premises. The application needs to communicate with an application that runs in a VPC on AWS. The communication between the applications must be encrypted and must use private IP addresses. The communication cannot travel across the public internet.

The company has established a 1 Gbps AWS Direct Connect connection between the on-premises location and AWS.

Which solution will meet the connectivity requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

Configure a private VIF on the Direct Connect connection. Associate the private VIF with the VPC's virtual private gateway. Set up an AWS Site-to-Site VPN private IP VPN connection to the virtual private gateway.

Create a transit gateway. Configure a transit VIF on the Direct Connect connection. Associate the transit VIF with a Direct Connect gateway. Associate the Direct Connect gateway with a new transit gateway. Set up an AWS Site-to-Site VPN private IP VPN connection to the transit gateway.

Configure a public VIF on the Direct Connect connection. Associate the public VIF with a Direct Connect gateway. Associate the Direct Connect gateway with a new transit gateway. Set up an AWS Site-to-Site VPN private IP VPN connection to the transit gateway.

Create a transit gateway. Configure a transit VIF on the Direct Connect connection. Associate the transit VIF with a Direct Connect gateway. Associate the Direct Connect gateway with a new transit gateway. Set up a third-party firewall in a new VPC that is attached to the transit gateway. Set up a VPN connection to the third-party firewall.

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Questions 18

A company deploys a new web application on Amazon EC2 instances. The application runs in private subnets in three Availability Zones behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). Security auditors require encryption of all connections. The company uses Amazon Route 53 for DNS and uses AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) to automate SSL/TLS certificate provisioning. SSL/TLS connections are terminated on the ALB.

The company tests the application with a single EC2 instance and does not observe any problems. However, after production deployment, users report that they can log in but that they cannot use the application. Every new web request restarts the login process.

What should a network engineer do to resolve this issue?

Options:

Modify the ALB listener configuration. Edit the rule that forwards traffic to the target group. Change the rule to enable group-level stickiness. Set the duration to the maximum application session length.

Replace the ALB with a Network Load Balancer. Create a TLS listener. Create a new target group with the protocol type set to TLS Register the EC2 instances. Modify the target group configuration by enabling the stickiness attribute.

Modify the ALB target group configuration by enabling the stickiness attribute. Use an application-based cookie. Set the duration to the maximum application session length.

Remove the ALB. Create an Amazon Route 53 rule with a failover routing policy for the application name. Configure ACM to issue certificates for each EC2 instance.

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Questions 19

A European car manufacturer wants to migrate its customer-facing services and its analytics platform from two on-premises data centers to the AWS Cloud. The company has a 50-mile (80.4 km) separation between its on-premises data centers and must maintain that separation between its two locations in the cloud. The company also needs failover capabilities between the two locations in the cloud.

The company's infrastructure team creates several accounts to separate workloads and responsibilities. The company provisions resources in the eu-west-3 Region and in the eu-central-1 Region. The company selects an AWS Direct Connect Partner in each Region and requests two resilient 1 Gbps fiber connections from each provider.

The company's network engineer must establish a connection between all VPCs in the accounts and between the on-premises network and the AWS Cloud. The solution must provide access to all services in both Regions in case of network issues.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Create a Direct Connect gateway. Create a private VIF on each of the Direct Connect connections. Attach the private VIFs to the Direct Connect gateway. Use equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) routing to aggregate the four connections across the two Regions. Attach the Direct Connect gateway directly to each VPC's virtual private gateway.

Create a Direct Connect gateway. Create a transit gateway. Attach the transit gateway to the Direct Connect gateway. Create a transit VIF on each of the Direct Connect connections. Attach the transit VIFs to the Direct Connect gateway. Use a link aggregation group (LAG) to aggregate the four connections across the two Regions. Attach the transit gateway directly to each VPC.

Create a Direct Connect gateway. Create a transit gateway in each Region. Attach the transit gateways to the Direct Connect gateway. Create a transit VIF on each of the Direct Connect connections. Attach the transit VIFs to the Direct Connect gateway. Peer the transit gateways. Attach the transit gateways in each Region to the VPCs in the same Region.

Create a Direct Connect gateway. Create a private VIF on each of the Direct Connect connections. Attach the private VIFs to the Direct Connect gateway. Use a link aggregation group (LAG) to aggregate the four connections across the two Regions. Create a transit gateway. Attach the transit gateway to the Direct Connect gateway. Attach the transit gateway directly to each VPC.

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Questions 20

A company has deployed a software-defined WAN (SD-WAN) solution to interconnect all of its offices. The company is migrating workloads to AWS and needs to extend its SD-WAN solution to support connectivity to these workloads.

A network engineer plans to deploy AWS Transit Gateway Connect and two SD-WAN virtual appliances to provide this connectivity. According to company policies, only a single SD-WAN virtual appliance can handle traffic from AWS workloads at a given time.

How should the network engineer configure routing to meet these requirements?

Options:

Add a static default route in the transit gateway route table to point to the secondary SD-WAN virtual appliance. Add routes that are more specific to point to the primary SD-WAN virtual appliance.

Configure the BGP community tag 7224:7300 on the primary SD-WAN virtual appliance for BGP routes toward the transit gateway.

Configure the AS_PATH prepend attribute on the secondary SD-WAN virtual appliance for BGP routes toward the transit gateway.

Disable equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) routing on the transit gateway for Transit Gateway Connect.

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Questions 21

A company is using an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection from the company's on-premises data center to a virtual private gateway in the AWS Cloud Because of congestion, the company is experiencing availability and performance issues as traffic travels across the internet before the traffic reaches AWS. A network engineer must reduce these issues for the connection as quickly as possible with minimum administration effort.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Edit the existing Site-to-Site VPN connection by enabling acceleration. Stop and start the VPN service on the customer gateway for the new setting to take effect.

Configure a transit gateway in the same AWS Region as the existing virtual private gateway. Create a new accelerated Site-to-Site VPN connection. Connect the new connection to the transit gateway by using a VPN attachment. Update the customer gateway device to use the new Site to Site VPN connection. Delete the existing Site-to-Site VPN connection

Create a new accelerated Site-to-Site VPN connection. Connect the new Site-to-Site VPN connection to the existing virtual private gateway. Update the customer gateway device to use the new Site-to-Site VPN connection. Delete the existing Site-to-Site VPN connection.

Create a new AWS Direct Connect connection with a private VIF between the on-premises data center and the AWS Cloud. Update the customer gateway device to use the new Direct Connect connection. Delete the existing Site-to-Site VPN connection.

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Questions 22

A company needs to capture and log traffic for Nitro-based Amazon EC2 instances to comply with regulations. The company's network team has prepared a solution that enables VPC traffic mirroring and sends traffic to a second set of EC2 instances in an Auto Scaling group.

The network team has added a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in front of the EC2 instances the traffic will be sent to. However, the solution does not send any mirrored traffic to the EC2 instances that are behind the NLB.

How should the network team configure traffic mirroring to use the NLB endpoint?

Options:

Select the NLB as a source for traffic mirroring. Use a UDP listener.

Select the NLB as a target for traffic mirroring. Use a TCP listener and a UDP listener.

Select the NLB as a target for traffic mirroring. Use a TCP listener.

Select the NLB as a target for traffic mirroring. Use a UDP listener.

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Questions 23

A company is migrating its on-premises network from its data center in Virginia to its data center in New York. The AWS Direct Connect connections for the Virginia and New York data center locations are both associated to the us-east-1 Region. The company needs to migrate a private VIF on an existing Direct Connect hosted connection from Virginia to New York. The company's on-premises network uses the connection to access VPCs through a Direct Connect gateway in us-east-1.

The company has already requested a new Direct Connect hosted connection from the new data center to the New York Direct Connect location.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST downtime?

Options:

Create a new private VIF on the new Direct Connect hosted connection Create a new Direct Connect gateway and attach the gateway to the new private VIF. Configure BGP routing on the new private VIF as a backup route. Perform the switchover during a maintenance window by shutting down BGP on the existing private VIF. Decommission the existing Direct Connect connection.

Create a new private VIF on the new Direct Connect hosted connection. Attach the new private VIF to the existing Direct Connect gateway. Configure BGP routing on the new private VIF as a backup route. Perform the switchover during a maintenance window by shutting down BGP on the existing private VIF. Decommission the existing Direct Connect connection.

During a maintenance window, migrate the existing private VIF to the new Direct Connect hosted connection. Attach the existing private VIF to the existing Direct Connect gateway. Decommission the existing Direct Connect connection.

During a maintenance window, delete the existing private VIF and create a new private VIF to the new Direct Connect hosted connection. Attach the new private VIF to the existing Direct Connect gateway. Decommission the existing Direct Connect hosted connection.

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Questions 24

A company has two business units (BUs). The company operates in the us-east-1 Region and the us-west-1 Region. The company plans to extend to more Regions in the future. Each BU has

a VPC in each Region. Each Region has a transit gateway with the BU VPCs attached. The transit gateways in both Regions are peered.

The company will create several more BUs in the future and will need to isolate some of the BUs from the other BUs. The company wants to migrate to an architecture to incorporate more

Regions and BUs.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the MOST operational efficiency?

Options:

Create a new transit gateway for each new BU in each Region. Peer the new transit gateways with the existing transit gateways. Update the route tables to control traffic between BUs.

Create an AWS Cloud WAN core network with an edge location in both Regions. Configure a segment for each BU with VPC attachments to the new BU VPCs. Use segment actions to control traffic between segments.

Create an AWS Cloud WAN core network with an edge location in both Regions. Configure a segment for each BU with VPC attachments to the new BU VPCs. Configure the segments to isolate attachments to control traffic between segments.

Attach new VPCs to the existing transit gateways. Update route tables to control traffic between BUs.

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Questions 25

A company wants to improve visibility into its AWS environment. The AWS environment consists of multiple VPCs that are connected to a transit gateway. The transit gateway connects to an on-premises data center through an AWS Direct Connect gateway and a pair of redundant Direct Connect connections that use transit VIFs. The company must receive notification each time a new route is advertised to AWS from on premises over Direct Connect.

What should a network engineer do to meet these requirements?

Options:

Enable Amazon CloudWatch metrics on Direct Connect to track the received routes. Configure a CloudWatch alarm to send notifications when routes change.

Onboard Transit Gateway Network Manager to Amazon CloudWatch Logs Insights. Use Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) to send notifications when routes change.

Configure an AWS Lambda function to periodically check the routes on the Direct Connect gateway and to send notifications when routes change.

Enable Amazon CloudWatch Logs on the transit VIFs to track the received routes. Create a metric filter Set an alarm on the filter to send notifications when routes change.

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Questions 26

An application team for a startup company is deploying a new multi-tier application into the AWS Cloud. The application will be hosted on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances that run in an Auto Scaling group behind a publicly accessible Network Load Balancer (NLB). The application requires the clients to work with UDP traffic and TCP traffic.

In the near term, the application will serve only users within the same geographic location. The application team plans to extend the application to a global audience and will move the deployment to multiple AWS Regions around the world to bring the application closer to the end users. The application team wants to use the new Regions to deploy new versions of the application and wants to be able to control the amount of traffic that each Region receives during these rollouts. In addition, the application team must minimize first-byte latency and jitter (randomized delay) for the end users.

How should the application team design the network architecture for the application to meet these requirements?

Options:

Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution to align to each Regional deployment. Set the NLB for each Region as the origin for each CloudFront distribution. Use an Amazon Route 53 weighted routing policy to control traffic to the newer Regional deployments.

Create an AWS Global Accelerator accelerator and listeners for the required ports. Configure endpoint groups for each Region. Configure a traffic dial for the endpoint groups to control traffic to the newer Regional deployments. Register the NLBs with the endpoint groups.

Use Amazon S3 Transfer Acceleration for the application in each Region. Adjust the amount of traffic that each Region receives from the Transfer Acceleration endpoints to the Regional NLBs.

Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution that includes an origin group. Set the NLB for each Region as the origins for the origin group. Use an Amazon Route 53 latency routing policy to control traffic to the new Regional deployments.

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Questions 27

A company is using a NAT gateway to allow internet connectivity for private subnets in a VPC in the us-west-2 Region. After a security audit, the company needs to remove the NAT gateway.

In the private subnets, the company has resources that use the unified Amazon CloudWatch agent. A network engineer must create a solution to ensure that the unified CloudWatch agent continues to work after the removal of the NAT gateway.

Which combination of steps should the network engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose three.)

Options:

Validate that private DNS is enabled on the VPC by setting the enableDnsHostnames VPC attribute and the enableDnsSupport VPC attribute to true.

Create a new security group with an entry to allow outbound traffic that uses the TCP protocol on port 443 to destination 0.0.0.0/0

Create a new security group with entries to allow inbound traffic that uses the TCP protocol on port 443 from the IP prefixes of the private subnets.

Create the following interface VPC endpoints in the VPC: com.amazonaws.us-west-2.logs and com.amazonaws.us-west-2.monitoring. Associate the new security group with the endpoint network interfaces.

Create the following interface VPC endpoint in the VPC: com.amazonaws.us-west-2.cloudwatch. Associate the new security group with the endpoint network interfaces.

Associate the VPC endpoint or endpoints with route tables that the private subnets use.

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Questions 28

A financial company offers investment forecasts and recommendations to authorized users through the internet. All the services are hosted in the AWS Cloud. A new compliance requirement states that all the internet service traffic from any host must be logged and retained for 2 years. In its development AWS accounts, the company has designed, tested, and verified a solution that uses Amazon VPC Traffic Mirroring with a Network Load Balancer (NLB) as the traffic mirror target. While the solution runs in one AWS account, the solution mirrors the traffic to another AWS account.

A network engineer notices that not all traffic is mirrored when the solution is deployed into the production environment. The network engineer also notices that this behavior is random.

Which statements are possible explanations for why not all the traffic is mirrored? (Select TWO.)

Options:

The security groups are misconflgured on the production AWS account that hosts the company's services.

The Amazon EC2 instance that is being monitored cannot handle the extra traffic that Traffic Mirroring has introduced

The 1AM policy that allows the creation of traffic mirror sessions is misconfigured.

The mirrored traffic has a lower priority than the production traffic and is being dropped when network congestion occurs.

The NLB is experiencing warm-up delay because of sudden and significant increases in traffic.

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Questions 29

A company is planning to host external websites on AWS. The websites will include multiple tiers such as web servers, application logic services, and databases. The company wants to use AWS Network Firewall. AWS WAR and VPC security groups for network security.

The company must ensure that the Network Firewall firewalls are deployed appropriately within relevant VPCs. The company needs the ability to centrally manage policies that are deployed to Network Firewall and AWS WAF rules. The company also needs to allow application teams to manage their own security groups while ensuring that the security groups do not allow overly permissive access.

What is the MOST operationally efficient solution that meets these requirements?

Options:

Define Network Firewall firewalls. AWS WAFv2 web ACLs. Network Firewall policies, and VPC security groups in code Use AWS CloudFormation to deploy the objects and Initial policies and rule groups. Use CloudFormation to update the AWS WAFv2 web ACLs. Network Firewall policies, and VPC security groups. Use Amazon GuardDuty to monitor for overly permissive rules.

Define Network Firewall firewalls. AWS WAFv2 web ACLs. Network Firewall policies, and VPC security groups in code. Use the AWS Management Console or the AWS CLI to manage the AWS WAFv2 web ACLs. Network Firewall policies, and VPC security groups. Use Amazon GuardDuty to invoke an AWS Lambda function to evaluate the configured rules and remove any overly permissive rules.

Deploy AWS WAFv2 IP sets and AWS WAFv2 web ACLs with AWS CloudFormation. Use AWS Firewall Manager to deploy Network Firewall firewalls and VPC security groups where required and to manage the AWS WAFv2 web ACLs, Network Firewall policies, and VPC security groups.

Define Network Firewall firewalls. AWS WAFv2 web ACLs. Network Firewall policies, and VPC security groups in code. Use AWS CloudFormation to deploy the objects and initial policies and rule groups. Use AWS Firewall Manager to manage the AWS WAFv2 web ACLs. Network Firewall policies, and VPC security groups. Use Amazon GuardDuty to monitor for overly permissive rules.

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Questions 30

A company has a VPC in the AWS Cloud. The company recently acquired a competitor that also has a VPC in the AWS Cloud. A network engineer discovers an IP address overlap between the two VPCs. Both VPCs require access to an AWS Marketplace partner service.

Which solution will ensure interoperability among the VPC hosted services and the AWS Marketplace partner service?

Options:

Configure VPC peering with static routing between the VPCs. Configure an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection with static routing to the partner service.

Configure a NAT gateway in the VPCs. Configure default routes in each VPC to point to the local NAT gateway. Attach each NAT gateway to a transit gateway. Configure an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection with static routing to the partner service.

Configure AWS PrivateLink to facilitate connectivity between the VPCs and the partner service. Use the DNS name that is created with the associated interface endpoints to route traffic between the VPCs and the partner service.

Configure a NAT instance in the VPCs. Configure default routes in each VPC to point to the local NAT instance. Configure an interface endpoint in each VPC to connect to the partner service. Use the DNS name that is created with the associated interface endpoints to route traffic between the VPCs and the partner service.

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Questions 31

A company is moving its record-keeping application to the AWS Cloud. All traffic between the company's on-premises data center and AWS must be encrypted at all times and at every transit device during the migration.

The application will reside across multiple Availability Zones in a single AWS Region. The application will use existing 10 Gbps AWS Direct Connect dedicated connections with a MACsec capable port. A network engineer must ensure that the Direct Connect connection is secured accordingly at every transit device.

The network engineer creates a Connection Key Name and Connectivity Association Key (CKN/CAK) pair for the MACsec secret key.

Which combination of additional steps should the network engineer take to meet the requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

Configure the on-premises router with the MACsec secret key.

Update the connection's MACsec encryption mode to must_encrypt. Then associate the CKN/CAK pair with the connection.

Update the connection's MACsec encryption mode to should encrypt. Then associate the CKN/CAK pair with the connection.

Associate the CKN/CAK pair with the connection. Then update the connection's MACsec encryption mode to must_encrypt.

Associate the CKN/CAK pair with the connection. Then update the connection’s MACsec encryption mode to should_encrypt.

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Questions 32

A company manages resources across VPCs in multiple AWS Regions. The company needs to connect to the resources by using its internal domain name. A network engineer needs to apply the aws.example.com DNS suffix to all resources.

What must the network engineer do to meet this requirement?

Options:

Create an Amazon Route 53 private hosted zone for aws.example.com in each Region that has resources. Associate the private hosted zone with that Region's VPC. In the appropriate private hosted zone, create DNS records for the resources in each Region.

Create one Amazon Route 53 private hosted zone for aws.example.com. Configure the private hosted zone to allow zone transfers with every VPC.

Create one Amazon Route 53 private hosted zone for example.com. Create a single resource record for aws.example.com in the private hosted zone. Apply a multivalue answer routing policy to the record. Add all VPC resources as separate values in the routing policy.

Create one Amazon Route 53 private hosted zone for aws.example.com. Associate the private hosted zone with every VPC that has resources. In the private hosted zone, create DNS records for all resources.

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Questions 33

A network engineer has deployed an Amazon EC2 instance in a private subnet in a VPC. The VPC has no public subnet. The EC2 instance hosts application code that sends messages to an Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue. The subnet has the default network ACL with no modification applied. The EC2 instance has the default security group with no modification applied.

The SQS queue is not receiving messages.

Which of the following are possible causes of this problem? (Choose two.)

Options:

The EC2 instance is not attached to an IAM role that allows write operations to Amazon SQS.

The security group is blocking traffic to the IP address range used by Amazon SQS

There is no interface VPC endpoint configured for Amazon SQS

The network ACL is blocking return traffic from Amazon SQS

There is no route configured in the subnet route table for the IP address range used by Amazon SQS

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Questions 34

A company has an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection between its existing VPC and on-premises network. The default DHCP options set is associated with the VPC. The company has an application that is running on an Amazon Linux 2 Amazon EC2 instance in the VPC. The application must retrieve an Amazon RDS database secret that is stored in AWS Secrets Manager through a private VPC endpoint. An on-premises application provides internal RESTful API service that can be reached by URL (https://api.example.internal). Two on-premises Windows DNS servers provide internal DNS resolution.

The application on the EC2 instance needs to call the internal API service that is deployed in the on-premises environment. When the application on the EC2 instance attempts to call the internal API service by referring to the hostname that is assigned to the service, the call fails. When a network engineer tests the API service call from the same EC2 instance by using the API service's IP address, the call is successful.

What should the network engineer do to resolve this issue and prevent the same problem from affecting other resources in the VPC?

Options:

Create a new DHCP options set that specifies the on-premises Windows DNS servers. Associate the new DHCP options set with the existing VPC. Reboot the Amazon Linux 2 EC2 instance.

Create an Amazon Route 53 Resolver rule. Associate the rule with the VPC. Configure the rule to forward DNS queries to the on-premises Windows DNS servers if the domain name matches example.internal.

Modify the local host file in the Amazon Linux 2 EC2 instance in the VPMap the service domain name (api.example.internal) to the IP address of the internal API service.

Modify the local /etc/resolv.conf file in the Amazon Linux 2 EC2 instance in the VPC. Change the IP addresses of the name servers in the file to the IP addresses of the company's on-premisesWindows DNS servers.

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Questions 35

A company has an on-premises data center in the United States. The data center is connected to AWS by an AWS Direct Connect connection. The data center has a private VIF that is connected to a Direct Connect gateway.

Recently, the company opened a new data center in Europe and established a new Direct Connect connection between the Europe data center and AWS. A new private VIF connects to the existing Direct Connect gateway.

The company wants to use Direct Connect SiteLink to set up a private network between the data center in the United States and the data center in Europe.

Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient manner?

Options:

Create a new public VIF from each data center. Enable SiteLink on the new public VIFs.

Create a new transit VIF from each data center. Enable SiteLink on the new transit VIFs.

Use the existing VIF from each data center. Enable SiteLink on the existing private VIFs.

Create a new AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection between the data centers. Configure the new connection to use SiteLink.

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Questions 36

A network engineer needs to build an encrypted connection between an on-premises data center and a VPC. The network engineer attaches the VPC to a virtual private gateway and sets up an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection. The VPN tunnel is UP after configuration and is working. However, during rekey for phase 2 of the VPN negotiation, the customer gateway device is receiving different parameters than the parameters that the device is configured to support.

The network engineer checks the IPsec configuration of the VPN tunnel. The networkengineer notices that the customer gateway device is configured with the most secure encryption algorithms that the AWS Site-to-Site VPN configuration file provides.

What should the network engineer do to troubleshoot and correct the issue?

Options:

Check the native virtual private gateway logs. Restrict the VPN tunnel options to the specific VPN parameters that the virtual private gateway requires.

Check the native customer gateway logs. Restrict the VPN tunnel options to the specific VPN parameters that the customer gateway requires.

Check Amazon CloudWatch logs of the virtual private gateway. Restrict the VPN tunnel options to the specific VPN parameters that the virtual private gateway requires.

Check Amazon CloudWatch logs of the customer gateway. Restrict the VPN tunnel options to the specific VPN parameters that the customer gateway requires.

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Questions 37

A company deploys an internal website behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in a VPC. The VPC has a CIDR block of 172.31.0.0/16. The company creates a private hosted zone for the domain example.com for the website in Amazon Route 53. The company establishes an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection between its office network and the VPC.

A network engineer needs to set up a DNS solution so that employees can visit the internal webpage by accessing a private domain URL (https://example.com) from the office network.

Which combination of steps will meet this requirement? (Choose two.)

Options:

Create an alias record that points to the ALB in the Route 53 private hosted zone.

Create a CNAME record that points to the ALB internal domain in the Route 53 private hosted zone.

Create a Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoint. On the office DNS server, configure a conditional forwarder to forward the DNS queries to the Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoint.

Create a Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint. On the office DNS server, configure a conditional forwarder to forward the DNS queries to the Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint.

On the office DNS server, configure a conditional forwarder for the private domain to the VPC DNS at 172.31.0.2.

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Questions 38

A company delivers applications over the internet. An Amazon Route 53 public hosted zone is the authoritative DNS service for the company and its internet applications, all of which are offered from the same domain name.

A network engineer is working on a new version of one of the applications. All the application's components are hosted in the AWS Cloud. The application has a three-tier design. The front end is delivered through Amazon EC2 instances that are deployed in public subnets with Elastic IP addresses assigned. The backend components are deployed in private subnets from RFC1918.

Components of the application need to be able to access other components of the application within the application's VPC by using the same host names as the host names that are used over the public internet. The network engineer also needs to accommodate future DNS changes, such as the introduction of new host names or the retirement of DNS entries.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Choose three.)

Options:

Add a geoproximity routing policy in Route 53.

Create a Route 53 private hosted zone for the same domain name Associate the application’s VPC with the new private hosted zone.

Enable DNS hostnames for the application's VPC.

Create entries in the private hosted zone for each name in the public hosted zone by using the corresponding private IP addresses.

Create an Amazon EventBridge (Amazon CloudWatch Events) rule that runs when AWSCloudTrail logs a Route 53 API call to the public hosted zone. Create an AWS Lambda function as the target of the rule. Configure the function to use the event information to update the private hosted zone.

Add the private IP addresses in the existing Route 53 public hosted zone.

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Questions 39

A company has five VPCs in the us-east-1 Region. The company hosts an internal web application in us-east-1. One of the company's VPCs. named VPC-A, needs to connect to an external partner's AWS environment. The partner’s environment is in the same AWS Region where the partner hosts a new version of the company's web application. The partner hosts its version of the application in a VPC named VPC-B.

The company has Amazon EC2 instances in VPC-A that need to connect to the web application in VPC-B A network engineer notices that the partner's VPC-B and the company's VPC-A use the same IP space. The network engineer needs a solution to allow the EC2 instances to connect to the web application. The solution must not negatively affect the exiting environment of the company or the partner.

Which combination of steps should the network engineer take meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

Establish a VPC peering connection between VPC-A to VPC-B.

Ensure the partner creates a VPC endpoint service that uses a Network Load Balancer in VPC-B.

Deploy a VPC endpoint in VPC-A that uses a VPC endpoint service that is shared by the partner.

Deploy a new routable VPC CIDR block as a secondary CIDR block to both VPC-A and VPC-B. Deploy a public NAT gateway in VPC-A.

Establish an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection between VPC-A and VPC-B.

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Questions 40

An online retail company is running a web application in the us-west-2 Region and serves consumers in the United States. The company plans to expand across several countries in Europe and wants to provide low latency for all its users.

The application needs to identify the users' IP addresses and provide localized content based on the users' geographic location. The application uses HTTP GET and POST methods for its functionality. The company also needs to develop a failover mechanism that works for GET and POST methods and is based on health checks. The failover must occur in less than 1 minute for all clients.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Configure a Network Load Balancer (NLB) for the application in each environment In the new AWS Regions. Create an AWS Global Accelerator accelerator that has endpoint groups that point to the NLBs in each Region.

Configure an Application Load Balancer (ALB) for the application in each environment in the new AWS Regions. Create an AWS Global Accelerator accelerator that has endpoint groups that point to the ALBs in each Region.

Configure an Application Load Balancer (ALB) for the application in each environment in the new AWS Regions. Create Amazon Route 53 public hosted zones that have failover routing policies.

Configure a Network Load Balancer (NLB) for the application in each environment in the new AWS Regions. Create an Amazon CloudFront distribution. Configure an origin group with origin failover options.

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Questions 41

A company is deploying third-party firewall appliances for traffic inspection and NAT capabilities in its VPC. The VPC is configured with private subnets and public subnets. The company needs to deploy the firewall appliances behind a load balancer.

Which architecture will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

Deploy a Gateway Load Balancer with the firewall appliances as targets. Configure the firewall appliances with a single network interface in a private subnet. Use a NAT gateway to send the traffic to the internet after inspection.

Deploy a Gateway Load Balancer with the firewall appliances as targets. Configure the firewall appliances with two network interfaces: one network interface in a private subnet and another network interface in a public subnet. Use the NAT functionality on the firewall appliances to send the traffic to the internet after inspection.

Deploy a Network Load Balancer with the firewall appliances as targets. Configure the firewall appliances with a single network interface in a private subnet. Use a NAT gateway to send the traffic to the internet after inspection.

Deploy a Network Load Balancer with the firewall appliances as targets. Configure the firewall appliances with two network interfaces: one network interface in a private subnet and another network interface in a public subnet. Use the NAT functionality on the firewall appliances to send the traffic to the internet after inspection.

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Questions 42

A company has deployed Amazon EC2 instances in private subnets in a VPC. The EC2 instances must initiate any requests that leave the VPC, including requests to the company's on-premises data center over an AWS Direct Connect connection. No resources outside the VPC can be allowed toopen communications directly to the EC2 instances.

The on-premises data center's customer gateway is configured with a stateful firewall device that filters for incoming and outgoing requests to and from multiple VPCs. In addition, the company wants to use a single IP match rule to allow all the communications from the EC2 instances to its data center from a single IP address.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST amount of operational overhead?

Options:

Create a VPN connection over the Direct Connect connection by using the on-premises firewall. Use the firewall to block all traffic from on premises to AWS. Allow a stateful connection from the EC2 instances to initiate the requests.

Configure the on-premises firewall to filter all requests from the on-premises network to the EC2 instances. Allow a stateful connection if the EC2 instances in the VPC initiate the traffic.

Deploy a NAT gateway into a private subnet in the VPC where the EC2 instances are deployed. Specify the NAT gateway type as private. Configure the on-premises firewall to allow connections from the IP address that is assigned to the NAT gateway.

Deploy a NAT instance into a private subnet in the VPC where the EC2 instances are deployed. Configure the on-premises firewall to allow connections from the IP address that is assigned to the NAT instance.

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Questions 43

Your organization has a newly installed 1-Gbps AWS Direct Connect connection. You order the cross-connect from the Direct Connect location provider to the port on your router in the same facility. To enable the use of your first virtual interface, your router must be configured appropriately.

What are the minimum requirements for your router?

Options:

1-Gbps Multi Mode Fiber Interface, 802.1Q VLAN, Peer IP Address, BGP Session with MD5.

1-Gbps Single Mode Fiber Interface, 802.1Q VLAN, Peer IP Address, BGP Session with MD5.

IPsec Parameters, Pre-Shared key, Peer IP Address, BGP Session with MD5

BGP Session with MD5, 802.1Q VLAN, Route-Map, Prefix List, IPsec encrypted GRE Tunnel

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Questions 44

A company has AWS accounts in an organization in AWS Organizations. The company has implemented Amazon VPC IP Address Manager (IPAM)in its networking AWS account. The company is using AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM) to share IPAM pools with other AWS accounts. The company has created a top-level pool with a CIDR block of 10.0.0.0/8. For each AWS account, the company has created an IPAM pool within the top-level pool.

A network engineer needs to implement a solution to ensure that users in each AWS account cannot create new VPCs. The solution also must prevent users from associating a CIDR block with existing VPCs unless the CIDR block is from the IPAM pool for that account.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Create a new AWS Config rule to find all VPCs that are not configured to allocate their CIDR block from an IPAM pool. Invoke an AWS Lambda function to delete these VPCs.

Create a new SCP in Organizations. Add a condition that denies the CreateVpc and AssociateVpcCidrBlock Amazon EC2 actions if the lpv4lpamPoolld context key value is not the ID of an IPAM pool.

Create an AWS Lambda function to check for and delete all VPCs that are not configured to allocate their CIDR block from an IPAM pool. Invoke the Lambda function at regular intervals.

Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to check for AWS CloudTrail events for the CreateVpc and AssociateVpcCidrBlock Amazon EC2 actions. Use the rule to invoke an AWS Lambda function to delete all VPCs that are not configured to allocate their CIDR block from an IPAM pool.

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Questions 45

A company's network engineer must implement a cloud-based networking environment for a network operations team to centrally manage. Other teams will use the environment. Each team must be able to deploy infrastructure to the environment and must be able to manage its own resources. The environment must feature IPv4 and IPv6 support and must provide internet connectivity in a dual-stack configuration.

The company has an organization in AWS Organizations that contains a workload account for the teams. The network engineer creates a new networking account in the organization.

Which combination of steps should the network engineer take next to meet the requirements? (Select THREE.)

Options:

Create a new VPC. Associate an IPv4 CIDR block of 10.0.0.0/16 and specify an IPv6 block of 2001: db8:c5a:6000::/56. Provision subnets by assigning /24 IPv4 CIDR blocks and /64 IPv6 CIDR blocks.

Create a new VPC. Associate an IPv4 CIDR block of 10.0.0.0/16 and use an Amazon-provided IPv6 CIDR block. Provision subnets by assigning /24 IPv4 CIDR blocks and 164 IPv6 CIDR blocks.

Enable sharing of resources within the organization by using AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM). Create a resource share in the networking account, select theprovisioned subnets, and share the provisioned subnets with the target workload account. Use the workload account to accept the resource share through AWS RAM.

Enable sharing of resources within the organization by using AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM). Create a resource share in the networking account, select the new VPC. and share the new VPC with the target workload account. Use the workload account to accept the resource share through AWS RAM.

Create an internet gateway and an egress-only internet gateway. Deploy NAT gateways to the public subnets. Associate the internet gateway with the new VPC. Update the route tables. Associate the route tables with the relevant subnets.

Create an internet gateway. Deploy NAT instances to public subnets. Update the route tables. Associate the route tables with the relevant subnets.

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Questions 46

A company has an AWS account with four VPCs in the us-east-1 Region. The VPCs consist of a development VPC and three production VPCs that host various workloads.

The company has extended its on-premises data center to AWS with AWS Direct Connect by using a Direct Connect gateway. The company now wants to establish connectivity to its production VPCs and development VPC from on premises. The production VPCs are allowed to route data to each other. However, the development VPC must be isolated from the production VPCs. No data can flow between the development VPC and the production VPCs.

In preparation to implement this solution, a network engineer creates a transit gateway with a single transit gateway route table. Default route table association and default route table propagation are turned off. The network engineer attaches the production VPCs. the development VPC. and the Direct Connect gateway to the transit gateway. For each VPC route table, the network engineer adds a route to 0.0.0.0/0 with the transit gateway as the next destination.

Which combination of steps should the network engineer take next to complete this solution? (Select THREE.)

Options:

Associate the production VPC attachments with the existing transit gateway route table. Propagate the routes from these attachments.

Associate all the attachments with the existing transit gateway route table. Propagate the routes from these attachments.

Associate the Direct Connect gateway attachment with the existing transit gateway route table. Propagate the Direct Connect gateway attachment to this route table.

Change the security group inbound rules on the existing transit gateway network interfaces in the development VPC to allow connections to and from the on-premises CIDR range only.

Create a new transit gateway route table. Associate the new route table with the development VPC attachment. Propagate the Direct Connect gateway and developmentVPC attachment to the new route table.

Create a new transit gateway with default route table association and default route table propagation turned on. Attach the Direct Connect gateway and development VPC to the new transit gateway.

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Questions 47

A company has a global network and is using transit gateways to connect AWS Regions together. The company finds that two Amazon EC2 instances in different Regions are unable to communicate with each other. A network engineer needs to troubleshoot this connectivity issue.

What should the network engineer do to meet this requirement?

Options:

Use AWS Network Manager Route Analyzer to analyze routes in the transit gateway route tables and in the VPC route tables. Use VPC flow logs to analyze the IP traffic that security group rules and network ACL rules accept or reject in the VPC.

Use AWS Network Manager Route Analyzer to analyze routes in the transit gateway route tables. Verify that the VPC route tables are correct. Use AWS Firewall Manager to analyze the IP traffic that security group rules and network ACL rules accept or reject in the VPC.

Use AWS Network Manager Route Analyzer to analyze routes in the transit gateway route tables. Verify that the VPC route tables are correct. Use VPC flow logs to analyze the IP traffic that security group rules and network ACL rules accept or reject in the VPC.

Use VPC Reachability Analyzer to analyze routes in the transit gateway route tables. Verify that the VPC route tables are correct. Use VPC flow logs to analyze the IP traffic that security group rules and network ACL rules accept or reject in the VPC.

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Questions 48

A company is planning a migration of its critical workloads from an on-premises data center to Amazon EC2 instances. The plan includes a new 10 Gbps AWS Direct Connect dedicated connection from the on-premises data center to a VPC that is attached to a transit gateway. The migration must occur over encrypted paths between the on-premises data center and the AWS Cloud.

Which solution will meet these requirements while providing the HIGHEST throughput?

Options:

Configure a public VIF on the Direct Connect connection. Configure an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection to the transit gateway as a VPN attachment.

Configure a transit VIF on the Direct Connect connection. Configure an IPsec VPN connection to an EC2 instance that is running third-party VPN software.

Configure MACsec for the Direct Connect connection. Configure a transit VIF to a Direct Connect gateway that is associated with the transit gateway.

Configure a public VIF on the Direct Connect connection. Configure two AWS Site-to-Site VPN connections to the transit gateway. Enable equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) routing.

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Questions 49

A company’s network engineer is designing a hybrid DNS solution for an AWS Cloud workload. Individual teams want to manage their own DNS hostnames for their applications in their development environment. The solution must integrate the application-specific hostnames with the centrally managed DNS hostnames from the on-premises network and must provide bidirectional name resolution. The solution also must minimize management overhead.

Which combination of steps should the network engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose three.)

Options:

Use an Amazon Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoint.

Modify the DHCP options set by setting a custom DNS server value.

Use an Amazon Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint.

Create DNS proxy servers.

Create Amazon Route 53 private hosted zones.

Set up a zone transfer between Amazon Route 53 and the on-premises DNS.

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Questions 50

A company's AWS environment has two VPCs. VPC A has a CIDR block of 192.168.0.0/16. VPC B has a CIDR block of 10.0.0.0/16. Each VPC is deployed in a separate AWS Region. The company has remote users who work outside the company's offices. These users need to connect to an application that is running in the VPCs.

Traffic to and from the VPCs over the internet must be encrypted. A network engineer must set up connectivity between the remote users and the VPCs.

Which combination of steps should the network engineer take to meet these requirements with the LEAST management overhead? (Choose three.)

Options:

Establish an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection between VPC A and VPC B.

Establish a VPC peering connection between VPC A and VPC B.

Create an AWS Client VPN endpoint in VPC A and VPC B Add an authorization rule to grant access to VPC A and VPC B.

Create an AWS Client VPN endpoint in VPC A Add an authorization rule to grant access to VPC A and VPC B.

Add a route to the AWS Client VPN endpoint’s route table to direct traffic to VPC B.

Add a route to the AWS Client VPN endpoint's route table to direct traffic to VPC A.

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Questions 51

A company operates in multiple AWS Regions. The company has deployed transit gateways in each Region. The company uses AWS Organizations to operate multiple AWS accounts in one organization.

The company needs to capture all VPC flow log data when a new VPC is created. The company needs to send flow logs to a specific Amazon S3 bucket.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST administrative effort?

Options:

Update IAM permissions for each user to include a condition that ensures users cancreate VPCs only when VPC Flow Logs is enabled and configured correctly.

Create a custom AWS Config rule with automatic remediation that verifies VPC Flow Logs is enabled and configured correctly. Apply the AWS Config rule to the organization.

Enable VPC Flow Logs on each transit gateway. Configure VPC Flow Logs to send flow logs to the specified S3 bucket.

Deploy a serverless application that uses AWS CloudTrail to monitor for VPC creation events in each account. Configure the application to apply the correct VPC Flow Logs configuration.

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Questions 52

A company hosts a web application that runs on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB). The instances are in an Auto Scaling group. The company uses an Amazon CloudFront distribution with the ALB as an origin.

The application recently experienced an attack. In response, the company associated an AWS WAF web ACL with the CloudFront distribution. The company needs to use Amazon Athena to analyze application attacks that AWS WAF detects.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

Configure the ALB and the EC2 instance subnets to produce VPC flow logs. Configure the VPC flow logs to deliver logs to an Amazon S3 bucket for log analysis.

Create a trail in AWS CloudTrail to capture data events. Configure the trail to deliver logs to an Amazon S3 bucket for log analysis.

Configure the AWS WAF web ACL to deliver logs to an Amazon Kinesis Data Firehose delivery stream. Configure the stream to deliver the data to an Amazon S3 bucket for log analysis.

Turn on access logging for the ALB. Configure the access logs to deliver the logs to an Amazon S3 bucket for log analysis.

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Questions 53

A company has multiple AWS Site-to-Site VPN connections between an on-premises environment and multiple VPCs. The Site-to-Site VPN connections use virtual private gateways and are configured with IPv4 addresses. The company hosts several internal applications in the VPCs.

Application users have reported that the applications are performing slowly. A networkengineer notices excessive latency in the network path that the VPN connections use. The network engineer needs to resolve the excessive latency.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

Use AWS Global Accelerator to deploy an accelerator on the existing Site-to-Site VPN connections.

Deploy a transit gateway and a new accelerated Site-to-Site VPN connection.

Replace the existing Site-to-Site VPN connections with new Site-to-Site VPN connections that use IPv6.

Replace the existing Site-to-Site VPN connections with AWS PrivateLink connections.

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Questions 54

A network engineer must provide additional safeguards to protect encrypted data at ApplicationLoad Balancers (ALBs) through the use of a unique random session key.

What should the network engineer do to meet this requirement?

Options:

Change the ALB security policy to a policy that supports TLS 1.2 protocol only

Use AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) to encrypt session keys

Associate an AWS WAF web ACL with the ALBs. and create a security rule to enforce forward secrecy (FS)

Change the ALB security policy to a policy that supports forward secrecy (FS)

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Questions 55

A consulting company manages AWS accounts for its customers. One of the company's customers needs to add intrusion prevention for its environment without having to re-architect the environment. The customer's environment includes five VPCs in two AWS Regions in the United States. VPC-to-VPC connectivity is achieved through VPC peering. The customer does not plan to increase the number of VPCs within the next 2 years. The solution must accommodate unencrypted traffic.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Configure VPC security groups and network ACLs.

Use an AWS Network Firewall centralized deployment model in each VPC.

Use an AWS Network Firewall distributed deployment model in each VPC.

Deploy AWS Shield in each VPC.

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Questions 56

Your company runs an application for the US market in the us-east-1 AWS region. This application uses proprietary TCP and UDP protocols on Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) instances. End users run a real-time, front-end application on their local PCs. This front-end application knows the DNS hostname of the service.

You must prepare the system for global expansion. The end users must access the application with lowest latency.

How should you use AWS services to meet these requirements?

Options:

Register the IP addresses of the service hosts as “A” records with latency-based routing policy in Amazon Route 53, and set a Route 53 health check for these hosts.

Set the Elastic Load Balancing (ELB) load balancer in front of the hosts of the service, and register the ELB name of the main service host as an ALIAS record with a latency-based routing policy in Route 53.

Set Amazon CloudFront in front of the host of the service, and register the CloudFront name of the main service as an ALIAS record in Route 53.

Set the Amazon API gateway in front of the service, and register the API gateway name of the main service as an ALIAS record in Route 53.

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Questions 57

A company has two AWS Direct Connect connections between Direct Connect locations and the company's on-premises environment in the US. The company uses the connections to communicate with AWS workloads that run in the us-east-1 Region. Thecompany has a transit gateway that connects several VPCs. The Direct Connect connections terminate at a Direct Connect gateway and the transit VIFs to the transit gateway.

The company recently acquired a smaller company that is based in Europe. The newly acquired company has only on-premises workloads. The newly acquired company does not

expect to run workloads on AWS for the next 3 years. However, the newly acquired company requires connectivity to the parent company's AWS resources in us-east-1 and to the

parent company's on-premises environment in the US. The parent company wants to use two new Direct Connect connections in Europe to provide the required connectivity.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead for the newly acquired company?

Options:

Associate new transit VIFs to the existing Direct Connect gateway. Configure the new transit VIFs to use Direct Connect SiteLink.

Associate new transit VIFs to a new Direct Connect gateway and to a new transit gateway in the eu-west-1 Region. Use transit gateway peering to connect the transit gateways.

Associate new private VIFs to the existing Direct Connect gateway. Configure the existing transit VIFs and the new private VIFs to use Direct Connect SiteLink.

Associate new private VIFs to a new Direct Connect gateway and to a new VPC in us-east-1. Configure the existing transit VIFs and the new private VIFs to use Direct Connect SiteLink and AWS PrivateLink endpoints in the new VPC.

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Questions 58

A banking company has an application that must connect to specific public IP addresses from a VPC. A network engineer has configured routes in the route table that is associated with the application's subnet to the required public IP addresses through an internet gateway.

The network engineer needs to set up email notifications that will alert the network engineer when a user adds a default route to the application subnet's route table with the internet gateway as a target.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST implementation effort?

Options:

Create an AWS Lambda function that reads the routes in the route table and sends an email notification. Configure the Lambda function to send an email notification if any route is configured with 0.0.0.0/0 or ::/0 CIDRs to the internet gateway. Configure the Lambda function to run every minute.

Create an AWS Lambda function that will be invoked by an Amazon EC2 CreateRoute API call. Configure the Lambda function to send an email notification. Configure the Lambda function to send an email notification if any route is configured with 0.0.0.0/0 or ::/0 CIDRs to the internet gateway.

Create AWS Config rules for the route table by using the internet-gateway-authorized-vpc-only managed rule. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to match the AWS Config rule and to route to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to send an email notification.

Create an AWS Config rule for the route table by using the no-unrestricted-route-to-igw managed rule. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule to match the AWS Config rule and to route to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic to send an email notification.

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Questions 59

A company has multiple VPCs with subnets that use IPv4. Traffic from the VPCs to the internet uses a NAT gateway. The company wants to transition to IPv6.

A network engineer creates multiple IPv6-only subnets in an existing testing VPC. The network engineer deploys a new Amazon EC2 instance that has an IPv6 address into one of the subnets. During testing, the network engineer discovers that the new EC2 instance is not able to communicate with an IPv4-only service through the internet. The network engineer needs to enable the IPv6 EC2 instance to communicate with the IPv4-only service.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

Enable DNS64 for the IPv6-only subnets. Update the route tables for the IPv6-only subnets to send traffic through the NAT gateway.

Enable NAT64 for the testing VPC. Reconfigure the existing NAT gateway to support IPv6.

Enable DNS64 for the new EC2 instance. Create a new egress-only internet gateway that supports IPv6.

Enable NAT64 for each route table. Create a new NAT gateway that supports both IPv4 and IPv6.

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Questions 60

A company's security guidelines state that all outbound traffic from a VPC to the company's on-premises data center must pass through a security appliance. The security appliance runs on an Amazon EC2 instance. A network engineer needs to improve the network performance between the on-premises data center and the security appliance.

Which actions should the network engineer take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

Use an EC2 instance that supports enhanced networking.

Send outbound traffic through a transit gateway.

Increase the EC2 instance size.

Place the EC2 instance in a placement group within the VPC.

Attach multiple elastic network interfaces to the EC2 instance.

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Questions 61

A company uses a hybrid architecture and has an AWS Direct Connect connection between its on-premises data center and AWS. The company has production applications that run in the on-premises data center. The company also has production applications that run in a VPC. The applications that run in the on-premises data center need to communicate with the applications that run in the VPC. The company is using corp.example.com as the domain name for the on-premises resources and is using an Amazon Route 53 private hosted zone for aws.example.com to host the VPC resources.

The company is using an open-source recursive DNS resolver in a VPC subnet and is using a DNS resolver in the on-premises data center. The company's on-premises DNS resolver has a forwarder that directs requests for the aws.example.com domain name to the DNS resolver in the VPC. The DNS resolver in the VPC has a forwarder that directs requests for the corp.example.com domain name to the DNS resolver in the on-premises data center. The company has deckled to replace the open-source recursive DNS resolver with Amazon Route 53 Resolver endpoints.

Which combination of steps should a network engineer take to make this replacement? (Choose three.)

Options:

Create a Route 53 Resolver rule to forward aws.example.com domain queries to the IP addresses of the outbound endpoint.

Configure the on-premises DNS resolver to forward aws.example.com domain queries to the IP addresses of the inbound endpoint.

Create a Route 53 Resolver inbound endpoint and a Route 53 Resolver outbound endpoint.

Create a Route 53 Resolver rule to forward aws.example.com domain queries to the IP addresses of the inbound endpoint.

Create a Route 53 Resolver rule to forward corp.example.com domain queries to the IP address of the on-premises DNS resolver.

Configure the on-premises DNS resolver to forward aws.example.com queries to the IP addresses of the outbound endpoint.

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Questions 62

A financial company that is located in the us-east-1 Region needs to establish secure connectivity to AWS. The company has two on-premises data centers, each located within the same Region. The company's network team needs to establish hybrid connectivity to its AWS environment with reliable and consistent connectivity.

The connection must provide access to the company's private resources inside its AWS environment. The resources are located in the us-east-1 and us-west-2 Regions. The connection must allow resources from the corporate networks to send large amounts of data to Amazon S3 over the same connection. To meet compliance requirements, the connection must be highly available and must provide encryption for all packets that are sent between the on-premises location and any services on AWS.

Which combination of steps should the network team take to meet these requirements? (Choose two.)

Options:

Set up a private VIF to send data to Amazon S3. Use an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection over the private VIF to encrypt data in transit to the VPCs in us-east-1 and us-west-2.

Set up an AWS Direct Connect connection to each of the company's data centers.

Set up an AWS Direct Connect connection from one of the company's data centers to us-east-1 and us-west-2.

Set up a public VIF to send data to Amazon S3. Use an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection over the public VIF to encrypt data in transit to the VPCs in us-east-1 and us-west-2.

Set up a transit VIF for an AWS Direct Connect gateway to send data to Amazon S3. Create a transit gateway. Associate the transit gateway with the Direct Connect gateway to provide secure communications from the company’s data centers to the VPCs in us-east-1 and us-west-2.

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Questions 63

A network engineer is using AWS Direct Connect connections and MACsec to encrypt data from a corporate data center to the Direct Connect location. The network engineer learns that the MACsec secret key might have been compromised. The network engineer needs to update the connection with an uncompromised secure key.

Which solution will meet this requirement?

Options:

Create a new MACsec secret key that uses an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) AWS managed key. Associate the new pre-shared key, Connection Key Name (CKN). and Connectivity Association Key (CAK) with the connection.

Create a new MACsec secret key that uses an AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) customer managed key. Associate the new pre-shared key, Connection Key Name (CKN). and Connectivity Association Key (CAK) with the connection.

Modify the existing MACsec secret key. Re-associate the existing pre-shared key. Connection Key Name (CKN), and Connectivity Association Key (CAK) with the connection.

Modify the existing MACsec secret key. Associate the new pre-shared key. ConnectionKey Name (CKN). and Connectivity Association Key (CAK) with the connection.

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Questions 64

A company needs to transfer data between its VPC and its on-premises data center. The data must travel through a connection that has dedicated bandwidth. The data also must be encrypted in transit. The company has been working with an AWS Partner Network(APN) Partner to establish the connection.

Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Choose three.)

Options:

Request a hosted connection from the APN Partner.

Request a hosted public VIF from the APN Partner.

Create an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection.

Create an AWS Client VPN connection.

Create a private VIF.

Create a public VIF.

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Questions 65

A network engineer is designing hybrid connectivity with AWS Direct Connect and AWS Transit Gateway. A transit gateway is attached to a Direct Connect gateway and 19 VPCs across different AWS accounts. Two new VPCs are being attached to the transit gateway. The IP address administrator has assigned 10.0.32.0/21 to the first VPC and 10.0.40.0/21 to the second VPC. The prefix list has one CIDR block remaining before the prefix list reaches the quota for the maximum number of entries.

What should the network engineer do to advertise the routes from AWS to on premises to meet these requirements?

Options:

Add 10.0.32.0/21 and 10.0.40.0/21 to both AWS managed prefix lists.

Add 10.0.32.0/21 and 10.0.40.0/21 to the allowed prefix list.

Add 10.0.32.0/20 to both AWS managed prefix lists.

Add 10.0.32.0/20 to the allowed prefix list.

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Questions 66

A company has 10 web server Amazon EC2 instances that run in an Auto Scaling group in a production VPC. The company has 10 other web servers that run in an on-premises data center. The company has a 10 Gbps AWS Direct Connect connection between the on-premises data center and the production VPC.

The company needs to implement a load balancing solution that receives HTTPS traffic from thousands of external users. The solution must distribute the traffic across the web servers on AWS and the web servers in the on-premises data center. Regardless of the location of the web servers, HTTPS requests must go to the same web server throughout the entire session.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Create a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in the production VPC. Create a target group. Specify ip as the target type. Register the EC2 instances and the on-premises servers with the target group Enable connection draining on the NLB

Create an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in the production VPC. Create a target group Specify ip as the target type. Register the EC2 instances and the on-premises servers with the target group. Enable application-based session affinity (sticky sessions) on the ALB.

Create a Network Load Balancer (NLB) in the production VPC. Create a target group. Specify instance as the target type. Register the EC2 instances and the on-premises servers with the target group. Enable session affinity (sticky sessions) on the NLB.

Create an Application Load Balancer (ALB) in the production VPC. Create a target group. Specify instance as the target type Register the EC2 instances and the on-premises servers with the target group Enable application-based session affinity (sticky sessions) on the ALB.

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Questions 67

An organization launched an IPv6-only web portal to support IPv6-native mobile clients. Front-end instances launch in an Amazon VPC associated with an appropriate IPv6 CIDR. The VPC IPv4 CIDR is fully utilized. A single subnet exists in each of two Availability Zones with appropriately configured IPv6 CIDR associations. Auto Scaling is properly configured, and no Elastic Load Balancing is used.

Customers say the service is unavailable during peak load times. The network engineer attempts to launch an instance manually and receives the following message: “There are not enough free addresses in subnet ‘subnet-12345677’ to satisfy the requested number of instances.”

What action will resolve the availability problem?

Options:

Create a new subnet using a VPC secondary IPv6 CIDR, and associate an IPv6 CIDR. Include the new subnet in the Auto Scaling group.

Create a new subnet using a VPC secondary IPv4 CIDR, and associate an IPv6 CIDR. Include the new subnet in the Auto Scaling group.

Resize the IPv6 CIDR on each of the existing subnets. Modify the Auto Scaling group maximum number of instances.

Add a secondary IPv4 CIDR to the Amazon VPC. Assign secondary IPv4 address space to each of the existing subnets.

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Questions 68

A company is replatforming a legacy data processing solution to AWS. The company deploys the solution on Amazon EC2 Instances in private subnets that are in one VPC.

The solution uses Amazon S3 for abject storage. Both the data that the solution processes and the data the solution produces are stored in Amazon S3. The solution uses Amazon DynamoDB to save its own state. The company collects flow logs for the VPC. Thesolution uses one NAT gateway to register its license through the internet. A software vendor provides a specific hostname so the solution can register its license.

The company notices that the AWS bill exceeds the projected budget for the solution. A network engineer uses AWS Cost Explorer to investigate the bill. The network engineer notices that the USE2-NatGateway-Bytes($) usage type is the root cause of the higher than expected bill.

What should the network engineer do to resolve the issue? (Choose two.)

Options:

Set up Amazon VPC Traffic Mirroring. Analyze the traffic to identify the traffic that the NAT gateway processes.

Examine the VPC flow logs to identity the traffic that traverses the NAT gateway.

Set up an AWS Cost and Usage Report in the AWS Billing and Cost Management console. Examine the report to find more details about the NAT gateway charges.

Verify that the security groups attached to the EC2 instances allow outgoing traffic only to the IP addresses that the hostname resolves to, the VPC CIDR block, and the AWS IP address ranges for Amazon S3 and DynamoDB.

Verify that the gateway VPC endpoints for Amazon S3 and DynamoDB are both set up and associated with the route tables of the private subnets.

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Questions 69

A company’s data center is connected to a single AWS Region by an AWS Direct Connect dedicated connection. The company has a single VPC in the Region. The company stores logs for all its applications locally in the data center.

The company must keep all application logs for 7 years. The company decides to copy all application logs to an Amazon S3 bucket.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Create a public VIF on the Direct Connect connection. Create an Amazon S3 gateway endpoint in the VPC.

Create a private VIF on the Direct Connect connection. Create an Amazon S3 gateway endpoint in the VPC.

Create a private VIF on the Direct Connect connection. Create an Amazon S3 interface endpoint in the VPC.

Create a public VIF on the Direct Connect connection. Create an Amazon S3 interface endpoint in the VPC.

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Questions 70

A company has a single VPC in the us-east-1 Region. The company is planning to set up a new VPC in the us-east-2 Region. The existing VPC has an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection to the company's on-premises environment and uses a virtual private gateway.

A network engineer needs to implement a solution to establish connectivity between the existing VPC and the new VPC. The solution also must implement support for IPv6 for the new VPC. The company has new on-premises resources that need to connect to VPC resources by using IPv6 addresses.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Create a new virtual private gateway in us-east-1. Attach the new virtual private gateway to the new VPC. Create two new Site-to-Site VPN connections to the new virtual private gateway with IPv4 and IPv6 support. Configure routing between the VPCs by using VPC peering.

Create a transit gateway in us-east-1 and in us-east-2. Attach the existing VPC and the new VPC to each transit gateway. Create a new Site-to-Site VPN connection to each transit gateway with IPv4 and IPv6 support. Configure transit gateway peering. Configure routing between the VPCs and the on-premises environment.

Create a new virtual private gateway in us-east-2. Attach the new virtual private gateway to the new VPC. Create two new Site-to-Site VPN connections to the new virtual private gateway with IPv4 and IPv6 support. Configure routing between the VPCs by using VPC peering.

Create a transit gateway in us-east-1. Attach the existing VPC and the new VPC to the transit gateway. Create two new Site-to-Site VPN connections to the transit gateway with IPv4 and IPv6 support. Configure transit gateway peering. Configure routing between the VPCs and the on-premises environment.

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Questions 71

A company is migrating an existing application to a new AWS account. The company will deploy the application in a single AWS Region by using one VPC and multiple Availability Zones. The application will run on Amazon EC2 instances. Each Availability Zone will have several EC2 instances. The EC2 instances will be deployed in private subnets.

The company's clients will connect to the application by using a web browser with the HTTPS protocol. Inbound connections must be distributed across the Availability Zones and EC2 instances. All connections from the same client session must be connected to the same EC2 instance. The company must provide end-to-end encryption for all connections between the clients and the application by using the application SSL certificate.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Create a Network Load Balancer. Create a target group. Set the protocol to TCP and the port to 443 for the target group. Turn on session affinity (sticky sessions). Register the EC2 instances as targets. Create a listener. Set the protocol to TCP and the port to 443 for the listener. Deploy SSL certificates to the EC2 instances.

Create an Application Load Balancer. Create a target group. Set the protocol to HTTP and the port to 80 for the target group. Turn on session affinity (sticky sessions) with an application-basedcookie policy. Register the EC2 instances as targets. Create an HTTPS listener. Set the default action to forward to the target group. Use AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) to create a certificate for the listener.

Create a Network Load Balancer. Create a target group. Set the protocol to TLS and the port to 443 for the target group. Turn on session affinity (sticky sessions). Register the EC2 instances as targets. Create a listener. Set the protocol to TLS and the port to 443 for the listener. Use AWS Certificate Manager (ACM) to create a certificate for the application.

Create an Application Load Balancer. Create a target group. Set the protocol to HTTPS and the port to 443 for the target group. Turn on session affinity (sticky sessions) with an application-based cookie policy. Register the EC2 instances as targets. Create an HTTP listener. Set the port to 443 for the listener. Set the default action to forward to the target group.

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Questions 72

A security team is performing an audit of a company's AWS deployment. The security team is concerned that two applications might be accessing resources that should be blocked by network ACLs and security groups. The applications are deployed across two Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) clusters that use the Amazon VPC Container Network Interface (CNI) plugin for Kubernetes. The clusters are in separate subnets within the same VPC and have a Cluster Autoscaler configured.

The security team needs to determine which POD IP addresses are communicating with which services throughout the VPC. The security team wants to limit the number of flow logs and wants to examine the traffic from only the two applications.

Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?

Options:

Create VPC flow logs in the default format. Create a filter to gather flow logs only from the EKS nodes. Include the srcaddr field and the dstaddr field in the flow logs.

Create VPC flow logs in a custom format. Set the EKS nodes as the resource Include the pkt-srcaddr field and the pkt-dstaddr field in the flow logs.

Create VPC flow logs in a custom format. Set the application subnets as resources. Include the pkt-srcaddr field and the pkt-dstaddr field in the flow logs.

Create VPC flow logs in a custom format. Create a filter to gather flow logs only from the EKS nodes. Include the pkt-srcaddr field and the pkt-dstaddr field in the flow logs.

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Questions 73

A company is developing an API-based application on AWS for its process workflow requirements. The API will be invoked by clients in the company's on-premises datacenters. The company has set up an AWS Direct Connect connection between on premises and AWS. A network engineer decides to implement the API as a private REST API in Amazon API Gateway. The network engineer wants to ensure that clients can reach the API endpoint through private communication.

Which solution can the network engineer use to invoke the API without any additional infrastructure setup?

Options:

Create an interface VPC endpoint for API Gateway with private DNS names enabled. Access the API by using the private DNS name of the endpoint.

Create an interface VPC endpoint for API Gateway with private DNS names enabled. Access the API by using an Amazon Route 53 alias of the endpoint.

Create an interface VPC endpoint for API Gateway. Associate the endpoint with the private REST API. Access the API by using an Amazon Route 53 alias of the endpoint.

Create an interface VPC endpoint for API Gateway with private DNS names enabled. Access the API by using the public DNS name of the endpoint.

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Questions 74

A company has a 2 Gbps AWS Direct Connect hosted connection from the company's office to a VPC in the ap-southeast-2 Region. A network engineer adds a 5 Gbps Direct Connect hosted connection from a different Direct Connect location in the same Region. The hosted connections are connected to different routers from the office with an iBGP session running in between the routers.

The network engineer wants to ensure that the VPC uses the 5 Gbps hosted connection to route traffic to the office. Failover to the 2 Gbps hosted connection must occur when the 5 Gbps hosted connection is down.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Configure an outbound BGP policy from the router that is connected to the 2 Gbps connection. Advertise routes with a longer AS_PATH attribute to AWS.

Advertise a longer prefix route from the router that is connected to the 2 Gbps connection.

Advertise a less specific route from the router that is connected to the 5 Gbps connection.

Configure an outbound BGP policy from the router that is connected to the 5 Gbps connection. Advertise routes with a longer AS_PATH attribute to AWS.

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Questions 75

A company has critical VPC workloads that connect to an on-premises data center through two redundant active-passive AWS Direct Connect connections. However, a recent outage on one Direct Connect connection revealed that it takes more than a minute for traffic to fail over to the secondary Direct Connect connection. The company wants to reduce the failover time from minutes to seconds.

Which solution will provide the LARGEST reduction in the BGP failover time?

Options:

Reduce the BGP hold-down timer that is configured on the BGP sessions on the Direct Connect connection VIFs.

Configure an Amazon CloudWatch alarm for the Direct Connect connection state to invoke an AWS Lambda function to fail over the traffic.

Configure Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) on the Direct Connect connections on the AWS side.

Configure Bidirectional Forwarding Detection (BFD) on the Direct Connect connections on the on-premises router.

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Questions 76

A company has agreed to collaborate with a partner for a research project. The company has multiple VPCs in the us-east-1 Region that use CIDR blocks within 10.10.0.0/16. The VPCs are connected by a transit gateway that is named TGW-C in us-east-1. TGW-C has an Autonomous System Number (ASN) configuration value of 64520.

The partner has multiple VPCs in us-east-1 that use CIDR blocks within 172.16.0.0/16. The VPCs are connected by a transit gateway that is named TGW-P in us-east-1. TGW-P has an ASN configuration value of 64530.

A network engineer needs to establish network connectivity between the company's VPCs and the partner's VPCs in us-east-1.

Which solution will meet these requirements with MINIMUM changes to both networks?

Options:

Create a new VPC in a new account. Deploy a router from AWS Marketplace. Share TGW-C and TGW-P with the new account by using AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM). Associate TGW-C and TGW-P with the new VPC. Configure the router in the new VPC to route between TGW-C and TGW-P.

Create an IPsec VPN connection between TGW-C and TGW-P. Configure the routing between the transit gateways to use the IPsec VPN connection.

Configure a cross-account transit gateway peering attachment between TGW-C and TGW-P. Configure the routing between the transit gateways to use the peering attachment.

Share TGW-C with the partner account by using AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM). Associate the partner VPCs with TGW-C. Configure routing in the partner VPCs and TGW-C.

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Questions 77

A company uses transit gateways to route traffic between the company's VPCs. Each transit gateway has a single route table. Each route table contains attachments and routes for the VPCs that are in the same AWS Region as the transit gateway. The route tables in each VPC also contain routes to all the other VPC CIDR ranges that are available through the transit gateways. Some VPCs route to local NAT gateways.

The company plans to add many new VPCs soon. A network engineer needs a solution to add new VPC CIDR ranges to the route tables in each VPC.

Which solution will meet these requirements in the MOST operationally efficient way?

Options:

Create a new customer-managed prefix list. Add all VPC CIDR ranges to the new prefix list. Update the route tables in each VPC to use the new prefix list ID as the destination and the appropriate transit gateway ID as the target.

Turn on default route table propagation for the transit gateway route tables. Turn on route propagation for each route table in each VPC.

Update the route tables in each VPC to use 0.0.0.010 as the destination and the appropriate transit gateway ID as the target.

Turn on default route table association for the transit gateway route tables. Turn on route propagation for each route table in each VPC.

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Questions 78

A company has a new AWS Direct Connect connection between its on-premises data center and the AWS Cloud. The company has created a new private VIF on this connection. However, the VIF status is DOWN.

A network engineer verifies that the physical connection status is UP and RUNNING based on information from the AWS Management Console. The network engineer checks the customer Direct Connect router and can see the ARP entry for the VLAN interface created for the private VIF at AWS.

What could be causing the private VIF to have a DOWN status?

Options:

ICMP is blocked on the customer Direct Connect router.

TCP port 179 is blocked on the customer Direct Connect router.

The IEEE 802.1Q VLAN identifier is misconfigured on the customer Direct Connect router.

The company has configured IEEE 802.1ad instead of 802.1Q on the customer Direct Connect router.

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Questions 79

A company is using Amazon Route 53 Resolver DNS Firewall in a VPC to block all domains except domains that are on an approved list. The company is concerned that if DNS Firewall is unresponsive, resources in the VPC might be affected if the network cannot resolve any DNS queries. To maintain application service level agreements, the company needs DNS queries to continue to resolve even if Route 53 Resolver does not receive a response from DNS Firewall.

Which change should a network engineer implement to meet these requirements?

Options:

Update the DNS Firewall VPC configuration to disable fail open for the VPC.

Update the DNS Firewall VPC configuration to enable fail open for the VPC.

Create a new DHCP options set with parameter dns_firewall_fail_open=false. Associate the new DHCP options set with the VPC.

Create a new DHCP options set with parameter dns_firewall_fail_open=true. Associate the new DHCP options set with the VPC.

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Questions 80

A network engineer is evaluating a network setup for a global retail company. The company has an AWS Direct Connect connection between its on-premises data center and the AWS Cloud. The company has AWS resources in the eu-west-2 Region. These resources consist of multiple VPCs that are attached to a transit gateway.

The company recently provisioned a few AWS resources in the eu-central-1. Region in a single VPC close to its users in this area. The network engineer must connect the resources in eu-central-1 with the on-premises data center and the resources in eu-west-2. The solution must minimize changes to the Direct Connect connection.

What should the network engineer do to meet these requirements?

Options:

Create a new virtual private gateway. Attach the new virtual private gateway to the VPC in eu-central-1. Use a transit VIF to connect the VPC and the Direct Connect router.

Create a new transit gateway in eu-central-1. Create a peering attachment request to the transit gateway in eu-west-2. Add a static route in the transit gateway route table in eu-central-1 to point to the transit gateway peering attachment. Accept the peering request. Add a static route in the transit gateway route table in eu-west-2 to point to the new transit gateway peering attachment.

Create a new transit gateway in eu-central-1. Use an AWS Site-to-Site VPN connection to peer both transit gateways. Add a static route in the transit gateway route table in eu-central-1 to point to the transit gateway VPN attachment. Add a static route in the transit gateway route table in eu-west-2 to point to the new transit gateway peering attachment.

Create a new virtual private gateway. Attach the new virtual private gateway to the VPC in eu-central-1. Use a public VIF to connect the VPC and the Direct Connect router.

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Questions 81

A company wants to analyze TCP internet traffic. The traffic originates from Amazon EC2 instances in the company’s VPC. The EC2 instances initiate connections through a NAT gateway.

The company wants to capture data about the traffic including source and destination IP addresses ports, and the first 8 bytes of the TCP segments of the traffic. The company needs to collect, store, and analyze all the required data points.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Configure the EC2 instances to be VPC traffic mirror sources. Deploy software on the traffic mirror target to forward the data to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Analyze the data by using CloudWatch Logs Insights

Configure the NAT gateway to be a VPC traffic mirror source. Deploy software on the traffic mirror target to forward the data to an Amazon S3 bucket. Analyze the data by using Amazon Athena.

Turn on VPC Flow Logs for the EC2 instances. Specify the default format and set Amazon CloudWatch Logs as the log destination. Analyze the flow log data by using CloudWatch Logs Insights.

Turn on VPC Flow Logs for the EC2 instances. Specify a custom format and set Amazon S3 as the log destination. Analyze the flow log data by using Amazon Athena.

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Questions 82

A company is migrating its internet VPN connections to dedicated AWS Direct Connect connections. The company needs to set up the Direct Connect connections so that all network communications are encrypted in transit.

Which combination of steps will meet this requirement? (Choose three.)

Options:

Create new Direct Connect connections while requesting MACsec ports.

Create a MACsec Connectivity Association Key Name (CKN) and Connectivity Association Key (CAK) pair. Associate the pair with each new connection.

Update the on-premises routers to use MACsec and the shared Connectivity Association Key Name (CKN) and Connectivity Association Key (CAK) pair.

Create a shared key for an IPsec connection.

Configure a new Direct Connect gateway. Associate the shared key with the new Direct Connect gateway.

Set up IPsec on the on-premises router. Associate the shared key with the IPsec configuration.

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Questions 83

A company has a transit gateway in a single AWS account. The company sends flow logs for the transit gateway to an Amazon CloudWatch Logs log group.

The company created an AWS Lambda function to analyze the logs. The Lambda function sends a notification to an Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic when a VPC generates traffic that is dropped by the transit gateway. Each notification contains the account ID. VPC ID, and total amount of dropped packets.

The company wants to subscribe a new Lambda function to the SNS topic. The new Lambda function must automatically prevent the traffic that is identified in each notification from leaving a VPC by applying a network ACL to the transit gateway attachment subnets in the VPC that generates the traffic.

Which solution will meet these requirements?

Options:

Configure the existing Lambda function to add the destination IP addresses of the dropped traffic to each SNS notification. Configure the new Lambda function to create an outbound rule by using the destination IP addresses in the network ACL.

Configure the existing Lambda function to add the source IP addresses of the dropped traffic to each SNS notification. Configure the new Lambda function to create an inbound rule by using the source IP addresses in the network ACL.

Configure the existing Lambda function to add the source IP addresses of the dropped traffic to each SNS notification. Configure the new Lambda function to create an outbound rule by using the source IP addresses in the network ACL.

Configure the existing Lambda function to add the destination IP addresses of the dropped traffic to each SNS notification. Configure the new Lambda function to create an inbound rule by using the destination IP addresses in the network ACL.

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Exam Code: ANS-C01

Exam Name: Amazon AWS Certified Advanced Networking - Specialty

Last Update: Sep 25, 2025

Questions: 290

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ANS-C01 Amazon AWS Certified Advanced Networking - Specialty Questions and Answers

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